| HP:0000006 | Autosomal dominant inheritance | "A mode of inheritance that is observed for traits related to a gene encoded on one of the autosomes (i.e., the human chromosomes 1-22) in which a trait manifests in heterozygotes. In the context of medical genetics, an autosomal dominant disorder is caused when a single copy of the mutant allele is present. Males and females are affected equally, and can both transmit the disorder with a risk of 50% for each child of inheriting the mutant allele." [HPO:curators] |
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| HP:0000007 | Autosomal recessive inheritance | "A mode of inheritance that is observed for traits related to a gene encoded on one of the autosomes (i.e., the human chromosomes 1-22) in which a trait manifests in homozygotes. In the context of medical genetics, autosomal recessive disorders manifest in homozygotes (with two copies of the mutant allele) or compound heterozygotes (whereby each copy of a gene has a distinct mutant allele)." [HPO:curators] |
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| HP:0000133 | Gonadal dysgenesis | |
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| HP:0000135 | Hypogonadism | "Reduced function of the gonads (testes in males or ovaries in females)." [HPO:curators] |
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| HP:0000218 | High palate | "Height of the palate more than 2 SD above the mean (objective) or palatal height at the level of the first permanent molar more than twice the height of the teeth (subjective)." [pmid:19125428] |
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| HP:0000365 | Hearing loss | |
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| HP:0000407 | Hearing loss, sensorineural | "Hearing loss caused by damage or dysfunction of the auditory nerve (cranial nerve VIII)." [HPO:curators] |
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| HP:0000508 | Ptosis | "Drooping of the eyelid." [HPO:curators] |
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| HP:0000518 | Cataract | "A cataract is an opacity or clouding that develops in the crystalline `lens` (FMA:58241) of the eye or in its `capsule` (FMA:58881)." [HPO:probinson] |
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| HP:0000590 | External ophthalmoplegia, progressive (PEO) | |
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| HP:0000602 | Ophthalmoplegia | |
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| HP:0000639 | Nystagmus | "Rhythmic, involuntary oscillations of one or both eyes related to abnormality in fixation, conjugate gaze, or vestibular mechanisms." [HPO:curators] |
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| HP:0000648 | Optic atrophy | |
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| HP:0000709 | Psychosis | "A condition characterized by changes of personality and thought patterns often accompanied by hallucinations and delusional beliefs." [HPO:curators] |
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| HP:0000716 | Depression | "A condition characterized by pervasive dysphoric mood, loss of interests, and inability to experience pleasure." [HPO:curators] |
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| HP:0000726 | Dementia | |
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| HP:0000786 | Primary amenorrhea | |
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| HP:0000815 | Hypergonadotropic hypogonadism | "Reduced function of the gonads (testes in males or ovaries in females) associated with excess pituitary gonadotropin secretion and resulting in delayed sexual development and growth delay." [HPO:curators] |
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| HP:0000817 | Poor eye contact | |
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| HP:0000819 | Diabetes mellitus | |
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| HP:0000820 | Abnormality of the thyroid gland | |
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| HP:0001249 | Mental retardation | |
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| HP:0001250 | Seizures | "Seizures are an intermittent `abnormality of the central nervous system` (FMA:HP:0002011) due to a sudden, excessive, disorderly discharge of cerebral neurons and characterized clinically by some combination of disturbance of sensation, loss of consciousness, impairment of psychic function, or convulsive movements." [HPO:probinson] |
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| HP:0001251 | Ataxia | "Ataxia is a nonspecific neurological sign and symptom consisting of gross lack of coordination of muscle movements. Ataxia is caused by dysfunction of one or more parts of the nervous system including the cerebellum, the sensory nervous system, the vestibular system, or the cerebral cortex." [HPO:curators] |
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| HP:0001252 | Muscular hypotonia | "Muscular hypotonia is an abnormally low muscle tone (the amount of tension or resistance to movement in a muscle), often involving reduced muscle strength. Hypotonia is characterized by a diminished resistance to passive stretching." [HPO:curators] |
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| HP:0001260 | Dysarthria | "Dysarthric speech is a general description referring to a neurological speech disorder characterized by poor articulation. Depending on the involved neurological structures, dysarthria may be further classified as spastic, flaccid, ataxic, hyperkinetic and hypokinetic, or mixed." [HPO:curators] |
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| HP:0001262 | Somnolence | |
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| HP:0001263 | Developmental retardation | "A delay in the achievement of motor or mental milestones manifested prior to age 18 and generally associated with lifelong mental and/or physical impairments." [HPO:curators] |
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| HP:0001265 | Hyporeflexia | |
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| HP:0001272 | Cerebellar atrophy | |
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| HP:0001284 | Areflexia | |
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| HP:0001288 | Gait disturbance | "The term gait disturbance can refer to any disruption of the ability to walk. In general, this can refer to neurological diseases but also fractures or other sources of pain that is triggered upon walking. However, in the current context gait disturbance refers to difficulty walking on the basis of a neurological or muscular disease." [HPO:curators] |
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| HP:0001290 | Generalized hypotonia | "Generalized muscular hypotonia (abnormally low muscle tone)." [HPO:curators] |
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| HP:0001298 | Encephalopathy | |
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| HP:0001300 | Parkinsonism | |
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| HP:0001315 | Reduced reflexes | |
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| HP:0001324 | Muscle weakness | "Reduced strength of muscles." [HPO:curators] |
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| HP:0001328 | Learning disability | |
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| HP:0001336 | Myoclonus | "Very brief, involuntary random muscular contractions occurring at rest, in response to sensory stimuli, or accompanying voluntary movements." [HPO:curators] |
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| HP:0001618 | Dysphonia | |
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| HP:0001638 | Cardiomyopathy | |
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| HP:0001644 | Dilated cardiomyopathy | |
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| HP:0001662 | Bradycardia | |
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| HP:0001730 | Progressive hearing loss | |
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| HP:0001751 | Vestibular dysfunction | |
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| HP:0001761 | Pes cavus | |
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| HP:0002015 | Dysphagia | "Difficulty in swallowing." [HPO:curators] |
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| HP:0002059 | Cerebral atrophy | |
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| HP:0002076 | Migraine | |
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| HP:0002120 | Cerebral cortical atrophy | |
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| HP:0002133 | Status epilepticus | |
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| HP:0002151 | Increased serum lactate | "Abnormally increased level of blood lactate (2-hydroxypropanoic acid). Lactate is produced from pyruvate by lactate dehydrogenase during normal metabolism." [HPO:curators] |
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| HP:0002270 | Abnormality of the autonomic nervous system | "An abnormality of the autonomic nervous system, which is the part of the peripheral nervous system that controls visceral functions such as heart rate and digestion and functions largely below the level of consciousness." [HPO:curators] |
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| HP:0002305 | Athetosis | "Athetosis (from the Greek word for changeable or unfixed ) refers to an inability to sustain the muscles of the fingers, toes, tongue, or any other group of muscles in a fixed position. Instead, posture is interrupted by slow, purposeless involuntary movements." [HPO:curators] |
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| HP:0002312 | Clumsiness | |
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| HP:0002403 | Positive Romberg sign | |
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| HP:0002578 | Gastroparesis | |
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| HP:0002910 | Elevated transaminases | "Elevations of the levels of SGOT and SGPT in the serum. SGOT (serum glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase) and SGPT (serum glutamic pyruvic transaminase) are transaminases primarily found in the liver and heart and are released into the bloodstream as the result of liver or heart damage. SGOT and SGPT are used clinically mainly as markers of liver damage." [HPO:curators] |
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| HP:0003200 | Ragged-red muscle fibers | "An abnormal appearance of muscle fibers observed on muscle biopsy. Ragged red fibers can be visualized with Gomori trichrome (GT) staining as irregular and intensely red subsarcolemmal zones, whereas the normal myofibrils are green. The margins of affect fibers appear red and ragged." [HPO:curators] |
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| HP:0003236 | Elevated serum creatine phosphokinase | |
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| HP:0003323 | Muscle weakness, progressive | |
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| HP:0003326 | Myalgia | "A tendency to experience muscle pain." [HPO:curators] |
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| HP:0003390 | Sensory axonal neuropathy | "An axonal neuropathy of peripheral sensory nerves." [HPO:curators] |
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| HP:0003434 | Sensory ataxic neuropathy | |
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| HP:0003458 | EMG myopathic abnormalities | "The presence of abnormal electromyographic patterns indicative of myopathy, such as small-short polyphasic motor unit potentials." [HPO:curators] |
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| HP:0003542 | Increased serum pyruvate | "An abnormal increase in the concentration of pyruvate in the blood. Pyruvate is involved in energy metabolism, forming part of glycolysis and the citric acid cycle." [HPO:curators] |
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| HP:0003546 | Exercise intolerance | |
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| HP:0003548 | Electron microscopy shows subsarcolemmal accumulations of abnormally shaped mitochondria | |
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| HP:0003557 | Increased variability in muscle fiber size | "An abnormally high degree of muscle fiber size variation. This phenotypic feature can be observed upon muscle biopsy." [HPO:curators] |
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| HP:0003581 | Onset in adulthood | |
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| HP:0003676 | Progressive disorder | |
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| HP:0003688 | Muscle biopsy shows decreased activity of cytochrome C oxidase | |
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| HP:0003689 | Muscle biopsy shows multiple mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) deletions | |
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| HP:0003690 | Limb muscle weakness | "Weakness of the muscles of the arms and legs." [HPO:curators] |
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| HP:0003701 | Proximal muscle weakness | "A lack of strength of the proximal muscles." [HPO:curators] |
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| HP:0003713 | Muscle fiber necrosis | "Abnormal cell death involving muscle fibers usually associated with break in, or absence of, muscle surface fiber membrane and resulting in irreversible damage to muscle fibers." [HPO:curators] |
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| HP:0003812 | Phenotypic variability | |
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| HP:0004389 | Intestinal pseudo-obstruction | |
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| HP:0006858 | Distal sensory loss of proprioception and vibration sense | |
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| HP:0006886 | Decreased distal vibration sense | "A decrease in the ability to perceive vibration in the distal portions of the limbs." [HPO:curators] |
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| HP:0006957 | Loss of ability to walk | |
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| HP:0007240 | Progressive gait ataxia | |
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| HP:0007344 | Atrophy/Degeneration involving the spinal cord | |
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| HP:0007366 | Atrophy/Degeneration affecting the brainstem | |
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| HP:0008180 | Mildly elevated creatine phosphokinase | |
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| HP:0008209 | Premature ovarian failure | |
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| HP:0010871 | Sensory ataxia | "Incoordination of movement caused by a deficit in the sensory nervous system. Sensory ataxia can be distinguished from cerebellar ataxia by asking the patient to close his or her eyes. Persons with cerebellar ataxia show only a minimal worsening of symptoms, whereas persons with sensory ataxia show a marked worsening of symptoms." [HPO:probinson] |
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| HP:0012378 | Fatigue | "A subjective feeling of tiredness characterized by a lack of energy and motivation." [HPO:probinson] |
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| HP:0012847 | Epilepsia partialis continua | "A form of partial status epilepticus with simple motor manifestations that are maintained for over one hour, with clonic activity restricted to one body part and recurring at fairly regular intervals." [UToronto:htrang] |
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| HP:0100543 | Cognitive impairment | "Abnormality in the process of thought including the ability to process information." [HPO:sdoelken] |
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| HP:0200134 | Epileptic encephalopathy | |
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