| HP:0000007 | Autosomal recessive inheritance | "A mode of inheritance that is observed for traits related to a gene encoded on one of the autosomes (i.e., the human chromosomes 1-22) in which a trait manifests in homozygotes. In the context of medical genetics, autosomal recessive disorders manifest in homozygotes (with two copies of the mutant allele) or compound heterozygotes (whereby each copy of a gene has a distinct mutant allele)." [HPO:curators] |
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| HP:0000028 | Cryptorchidism | "Absence of one or both testes from the scrotum owing to failure of the testis or testes to descend through the inguinal canal to the testis." [HPO:curators] |
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| HP:0000160 | Microstomia | "The presence of an abnormally small `mouth` (FMA:49184)." [HPO:curators] |
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| HP:0000175 | Cleft palate | "Cleft palate is a developmental defect of the `palate` (FMA:54549) resulting from a failure of fusion of the palatine processes." [HPO:curators] |
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| HP:0000218 | High palate | "Height of the palate more than 2 SD above the mean (objective) or palatal height at the level of the first permanent molar more than twice the height of the teeth (subjective)." [pmid:19125428] |
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| HP:0000230 | Gingivitis | |
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| HP:0000256 | Macrocephaly | "The presence of an abnormally large `skull` (FMA:46565)." [HPO:probinson] |
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| HP:0000272 | Malar hypoplasia | "Underdeveloped midface region." [HPO:curators] |
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| HP:0000286 | Epicanthus | "An epicanthal fold is a semilunar fold of skin that extends from the upper eyelid across the medial canthal area to the lower eyelid." [HPO:curators] |
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| HP:0000300 | Oval face | |
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| HP:0000343 | Long philtrum | |
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| HP:0000347 | Mandibular hypoplasia | "Underdevelopment of the mandible." [HPO:curators] |
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| HP:0000431 | Broad nasal bridge | "Increased horizontal dimension of the upper, bony part of the nose." [HPO:curators] |
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| HP:0000470 | Short neck | |
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| HP:0000506 | Telecanthus | "An abnormally increased distance between the medial canthi (angle between eyelids) of the eyelids." [HPO:curators] |
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| HP:0000520 | Proptosis | |
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| HP:0000535 | Sparse eyebrows | |
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| HP:0000545 | Myopia | |
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| HP:0000592 | Blue sclerae | |
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| HP:0000653 | Sparse eyelashes | "Decreased density/number of eyelashes." [pmid:19125427] |
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| HP:0000767 | Pectus excavatum | "A defect of the chest wall characterized by a depression of the sternum, giving the chest ("pectus") a caved-in ("excavatum") appearance." [HPO:curators] |
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| HP:0000878 | 11 pairs of ribs | |
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| HP:0000887 | Cupped ribs | |
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| HP:0000904 | Flaring of rib cage | "The presence of wide, concave anterior rib ends." [HPO:curators] |
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| HP:0000926 | Platyspondyly | |
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| HP:0000938 | Osteopenia | "Osteopenia refers to a reduction in bone mineral density (BMD) below normal peak BMD but not low enough to be classified as osteoporosis. According to the WHO, osteopenia is characterized by a value of BMD more than 1 standard deviation below the young adult mean, but less than 2 standard deviations below this value." [HPO:curators] |
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| HP:0000939 | Osteoporosis | "Osteoporosis is a systemic skeletal disease characterized by low bone density and microarchitectural deterioration of bone tissue with a consequent increase in bone fragility. According to the WHO, osteoporosis is characterized by a value of BMD 2.5 standard deviations or more below the young adult mean." [HPO:curators] |
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| HP:0000944 | Abnormality of the metaphyses | |
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| HP:0000963 | Thin skin | |
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| HP:0000973 | Cutis laxa | |
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| HP:0000974 | Hyperextensible skin | |
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| HP:0001000 | Abnormality of skin pigmentation | |
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| HP:0001027 | Soft, doughy skin | |
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| HP:0001030 | Fragile skin | |
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| HP:0001075 | Atrophic scars | |
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| HP:0001083 | Ectopia lentis | |
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| HP:0001166 | Arachnodactyly | "Abnormally long and slender fingers ("spider fingers")." [HPO:curators] |
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| HP:0001249 | Mental retardation | |
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| HP:0001252 | Muscular hypotonia | "Muscular hypotonia is an abnormally low muscle tone (the amount of tension or resistance to movement in a muscle), often involving reduced muscle strength. Hypotonia is characterized by a diminished resistance to passive stretching." [HPO:curators] |
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| HP:0001263 | Developmental retardation | "A delay in the achievement of motor or mental milestones manifested prior to age 18 and generally associated with lifelong mental and/or physical impairments." [HPO:curators] |
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| HP:0001290 | Generalized hypotonia | "Generalized muscular hypotonia (abnormally low muscle tone)." [HPO:curators] |
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| HP:0001371 | Contractures | |
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| HP:0001388 | Joint laxity | |
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| HP:0001629 | Ventricular septal defect | "A hole between the two bottom chambers (ventricles) of the heart. The defect is centered around the most superior aspect of the ventricular septum." [HPO:curators] |
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| HP:0001631 | Atrial septal defect | "Atrial septal defect (ASD) is a congenital heart defect that enables blood flow between the left and right atria via the interatrial septum. The three common types of ASD are sinus venosus defects, ostium secundum defects, and ostium primum defects." [HPO:curators] |
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| HP:0001642 | Pulmonic stenosis | "A narrowing of the right ventricular outflow tract that can occur at the pulmonary valve (valvular stenosis) or just below the pulmonary valve (infundibular stenosis). Infundibular pulmonic stenosis is mostly caused by overgrowth of the heart muscle wall (hypertrophy of the septoparietal trabeculae). Pulmonic stenosis is often seen as a part of Fallot s tetralogy, in which case the events leading to the formation of the overriding aorta are also believed to be a cause of the pulmonic stenosis. The pulmonic stenosis is the major cause of the malformations seen in patients with Fallot tetralogy, with the other associated malformations acting as compensatory mechanisms to the pulmonic stenosis. The degree of stenosis varies between individuals with TOF, and is the primary determinant of symptoms and severity. This malformation is infrequently described as sub-pulmonary stenosis or subpulmonary obstruction." [HPO:curators] |
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| HP:0001647 | Bicuspid aortic valve | "The presence of a bicuspid `aortic valve` (FMA:7236)." [HPO:probinson] |
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| HP:0001650 | Aortic stenosis | "The presence of a stenosis (narrowing) of the aortic valve." [HPO:curators] |
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| HP:0001653 | Mitral regurgitation | "An `abnormality of the mitral valve` (HP:0001633) characterized by insufficiency or incompetence of the mitral valve resulting in retrograde leaking of blood through the mitral valve upon ventricular contraction." [HPO:probinson] |
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| HP:0001671 | Abnormality of the cardiac septa | |
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| HP:0001762 | Talipes equinovarus | "Also called clubfoot typically has 4 main components: inversion and adduction of the forefoot; inversion of the heel and hindfoot; equinus (limitation of extension) of the ankle and subtalar joint; and internal rotation of the leg. Clubfoot is a complex, multifactorial deformity with genetic and intrauterine factors. One popular theory postulates that a clubfoot is a result of intrauterine maldevelopment of the talus that leads to adduction and plantarflexion of the foot. On radiographic projection a clubfoot can be noted as parallel axes of talus and calcaneus." [HPO:curators] |
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| HP:0001763 | Pes planus | "A condition in which the arch of the foot is flat, with the entire sole of the foot being in near-complete contact with the ground." [HPO:curators] |
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| HP:0001773 | Short, broad feet | "Abnormally short and wide feet." [HPO:curators] |
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| HP:0001799 | Short nails | |
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| HP:0001822 | Hallux valgus | "Lateral deviation of the great toe (i.e., in the direction of the little toe)." [HPO:curators] |
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| HP:0001840 | Metatarsus varus | "Metatarsus varus (adductus) is one of the most common foot deformities, that is defined as a transverse plane deformity in Lisfranc s (tarsometatarsal) joints in which the metatarsals are deviated medially. The relationship between talus and calcaneus is normal. On inspection the toes angle abruptly towards the midline, creating a C-shaped lateral foot border with a prominent styloid process of the 5th metatarsal. The result is that the forefoot is twisted inwards relative to the heel, so that the sole faces the midline." [HPO:curators] |
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| HP:0001999 | Facial dysmorphism | |
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| HP:0002176 | Spinal cord compression | |
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| HP:0002209 | Sparse scalp hair | "Sparseness of the `head hair` (FMA:54241)." [HPO:probinson] |
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| HP:0002251 | Congenital megacolon | "An abnormality resulting from a lack of intestinal ganglion cells (i.e., an aganglionic section of bowel) that results in bowel obstruction with enlargement of the colon." [HPO:curators] |
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| HP:0002650 | Scoliosis | "The presence of an abnormal lateral curvature of the spine." [HPO:curators] |
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| HP:0002651 | Spondyloepimetaphyseal dysplasia | |
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| HP:0002652 | Skeletal dysplasia | |
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| HP:0002673 | Coxa valga | "Coxa valga is a deformity of the hip in which the angle between the femoral shaft and the femoral neck is increased compared to age-adjusted values (about 150 degrees in newborns gradually reducing to 120-130 degrees in adults)." [HPO:curators] |
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| HP:0002751 | Kyphoscoliosis | |
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| HP:0002756 | Pathologic fracture | "A pathologic fracture occurs when a bone breaks in an area that is weakened secondary to another disease process such as tumor, infection, and certain inherited bone disorders. A pathologic fracture can occur without a degree of trauma required to cause fracture in healthy bone." [HPO:curators] |
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| HP:0002808 | Kyphosis | |
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| HP:0002827 | Dislocated hips | |
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| HP:0002857 | Genu valgum | |
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| HP:0002869 | Flared iliac wings | |
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| HP:0002983 | Micromelia | |
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| HP:0002986 | Radial bowing | |
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| HP:0003015 | Metaphyseal flaring | "The presence of splayed (i.e.,flared) metaphyseal segments of the long bones." [HPO:curators] |
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| HP:0003016 | Metaphyseal widening | "Abnormal widening of the metaphyseal regions of long bones." [HPO:curators] |
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| HP:0003026 | Short long bones | |
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| HP:0003042 | Elbow dislocation | "A dislocation affecting the elbow joint, where the radius, ulna, and humerus meet." [HPO:curators] |
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| HP:0003048 | Radial head subluxation | "Partial dislocation of the head of the radius." [HPO:curators] |
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| HP:0003083 | Dislocated radial head | "A dislocation of the head of the radius from its socket in the elbow joint." [HPO:curators] |
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| HP:0003100 | Thin long bones | |
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| HP:0003202 | Amyotrophy | "The presence of muscular atrophy (which is also known as amyotrophy)." [HPO:curators] |
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| HP:0003300 | Ovoid vertebral bodies | |
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| HP:0003301 | Irregular vertebral endplates | "An irregular surface of the vertebral end plates, which are normally relatively smooth." [HPO:curators] |
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| HP:0003307 | Hyperlordosis | |
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| HP:0003510 | Short stature, severe | "A severe degree of short stature." [HPO:curators] |
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| HP:0004233 | Advanced maturation/advanced ossification of carpal bones | |
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| HP:0004279 | Hypoplastic hand | |
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| HP:0004322 | Decreased body height | "A height below that which is expected according to age and gender norms. Although there is no universally accepted definition of short stature, many refer to "short stature" as height more than 2 standard deviations below the mean for age and gender (or below the 3rd percentile for age and gender dependent norms)." [HPO:curators] |
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| HP:0004325 | Decreased body weight | |
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| HP:0005328 | Progeroid facial appearance | |
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| HP:0005692 | Joint hyperflexibility | |
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| HP:0005930 | Abnormality of the epiphyses | |
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| HP:0006481 | Abnormality of deciduous teeth | "Any abnormality of the primary (deciduous or milk) teeth." [HO:curators] |
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| HP:0007469 | Cutis gyrata of palms and soles | |
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| HP:0008012 | Myopia, congenital | |
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| HP:0008070 | Sparse hair | |
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| HP:0008818 | Large, flared iliac wings | |
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| HP:0008824 | Hypoplastic iliac body | |
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| HP:0008828 | Delayed ossification proximal femoral epiphyses | |
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| HP:0009125 | Lipodystrophy | "Degenerative changes of the fat tissue." [HPO:curators] |
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| HP:0009702 | Synostosis involving the carpal bones | |
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| HP:0009836 | Broad distal phalanges of the hand | "Abnormally wide (broad) distal phalanges of the fingers." [HPO:curators] |
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| HP:0010049 | Hypoplastic/short metacarpal bones | |
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| HP:0010511 | Increased length of toes | "The presence of abnormally long toes." [HPO:curators] |
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| HP:0010550 | Paraplegia | "Severe or complete weakness of both lower extremities with sparing of the upper extremities." [HPO:curators] |
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| HP:0011220 | Prominent forehead | "Forward prominence of the entire forehead, due to protrusion of the frontal bone." [pmid:19125436] |
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| HP:0011341 | Long upper lip | "Increased width of the `upper lip` (FMA:59817)." [DDD:jhurst] |
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| HP:0011800 | Midface retrusion | "Posterior positions and/or vertical shortening of the infraorbital and perialar regions, or increased concavity of the face and/or reduced nasolabial angle." [DDD:jclayton-smith] |
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| HP:0011849 | Abnormal bone ossification | "Any anomaly in the formation of bone or of a bony substance, or the conversion of fibrous tissue or of cartilage into bone or a bony substance." [HPO:probinson] |
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| HP:0012368 | Flat face | "Absence of concavity or convexity of the face when viewed in profile." [pmid:19125436] |
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| HP:0030043 | Hip Subluxation | "A partial dislocation of the hip joint, whereby the head of the femur is partially displaced from the socket." [] |
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| HP:0100777 | Exostoses | |
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| HP:0100813 | Testicular torsion | "Testicular torsion is when the spermatic cord to a testicle twists, cutting off the blood supply. The most common symptom is acute testicular pain." [HPO:sdoelken] |
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| HP:0100864 | Hypoplasia of the femoral neck | |
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| HP:0100866 | Short iliac bones | |
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