ENSG00000106633


Homo sapiens

Features
Gene ID: ENSG00000106633
  
Biological name :GCK
  
Synonyms : GCK / glucokinase / P35557
  
Possible biological names infered from orthology :
  
Species: Homo sapiens
  
Chr. number: 7
Strand: -1
Band: p13
Gene start: 44144271
Gene end: 44198170
  
Corresponding Affymetrix probe sets: 211167_s_at (Human Genome U133 Plus 2.0 Array)   
  
Cross references: Ensembl peptide - ENSP00000402840
Ensembl peptide - ENSP00000384247
Ensembl peptide - ENSP00000482149
Ensembl peptide - ENSP00000223366
Ensembl peptide - ENSP00000338009
Ensembl peptide - ENSP00000379142
NCBI entrez gene - 2645     See in Manteia.
OMIM - 138079
RefSeq - XM_017011966
RefSeq - NM_000162
RefSeq - NM_001354803
RefSeq - NM_033507
RefSeq - NM_033508
RefSeq Peptide - NP_000153
RefSeq Peptide - NP_277043
RefSeq Peptide - NP_001341732
RefSeq Peptide - NP_277042
swissprot - Q53Y25
swissprot - H7BXV0
swissprot - P35557
swissprot - C9JQD1
Ensembl - ENSG00000106633
  
Related genetic diseases (OMIM): 125851 - MODY, type II, 125851
  125853 - Diabetes mellitus, noninsulin-dependent, late onset, 125853
  602485 - Hyperinsulinemic hypoglycemia, familial, 3, 602485
  606176 - Diabetes mellitus, permanent neonatal, 606176
See expression report in BioGPS
See gene description in Wikigenes
See gene description in GeneCards
See co-cited genes in PubMed


Ortholog prediction (from Ensembl)
Ortholog nameID Species
 gckENSDARG00000068006Danio rerio
 ENSGALG00000031359Gallus gallus
 GckENSMUSG00000041798Mus musculus


Paralog prediction (from Ensembl)
Paralog nameIDSimilarity(%)
HK2 / P52789 / hexokinase 2ENSG0000015939952
HK1 / P19367 / hexokinase 1ENSG0000015651547
HKDC1 / Q2TB90 / hexokinase domain containing 1ENSG0000015651047
HK3 / P52790 / hexokinase 3ENSG0000016088342


Protein motifs (from Interpro)
Interpro ID Name
 IPR001312  Hexokinase
 IPR019807  Hexokinase, binding site
 IPR022672  Hexokinase, N-terminal
 IPR022673  Hexokinase, C-terminal


Gene Ontology (GO)
TypeGO IDTermEv.Code
 biological_processGO:0001678 cellular glucose homeostasis IBA
 biological_processGO:0005975 carbohydrate metabolic process IEA
 biological_processGO:0006006 glucose metabolic process IEA
 biological_processGO:0006096 glycolytic process IBA
 biological_processGO:0006110 regulation of glycolytic process NAS
 biological_processGO:0006739 NADP metabolic process IEA
 biological_processGO:0008152 metabolic process IEA
 biological_processGO:0016310 phosphorylation IEA
 biological_processGO:0032024 positive regulation of insulin secretion IMP
 biological_processGO:0032869 cellular response to insulin stimulus ISS
 biological_processGO:0042593 glucose homeostasis IMP
 biological_processGO:0043266 regulation of potassium ion transport IEA
 biological_processGO:0044320 cellular response to leptin stimulus ISS
 biological_processGO:0045721 negative regulation of gluconeogenesis IMP
 biological_processGO:0045725 positive regulation of glycogen biosynthetic process IMP
 biological_processGO:0046835 carbohydrate phosphorylation IEA
 biological_processGO:0050796 regulation of insulin secretion IMP
 biological_processGO:0051156 glucose 6-phosphate metabolic process IMP
 biological_processGO:0051594 detection of glucose IMP
 biological_processGO:0061621 canonical glycolysis TAS
 biological_processGO:0070509 calcium ion import IEA
 cellular_componentGO:0005623 cell IEA
 cellular_componentGO:0005634 nucleus IEA
 cellular_componentGO:0005654 nucleoplasm TAS
 cellular_componentGO:0005737 cytoplasm IEA
 cellular_componentGO:0005739 mitochondrion IEA
 cellular_componentGO:0005829 cytosol IBA
 molecular_functionGO:0000166 nucleotide binding IEA
 molecular_functionGO:0003824 catalytic activity IEA
 molecular_functionGO:0004340 glucokinase activity IMP
 molecular_functionGO:0004396 hexokinase activity IEA
 molecular_functionGO:0005515 protein binding IPI
 molecular_functionGO:0005524 ATP binding IDA
 molecular_functionGO:0005536 glucose binding IDA
 molecular_functionGO:0016301 kinase activity IEA
 molecular_functionGO:0016740 transferase activity IEA
 molecular_functionGO:0016773 phosphotransferase activity, alcohol group as acceptor IEA


Pathways (from Reactome)
Pathway description
Regulation of Glucokinase by Glucokinase Regulatory Protein
Regulation of gene expression in beta cells
Defective GCK causes maturity-onset diabetes of the young 2 (MODY2)
Defective TPR may confer susceptibility towards thyroid papillary carcinoma (TPC)
Glycolysis


Phenotype (from MGI, Zfin or HPO)
IDPhenotypeDefinition Genetic BG
 HP:0000006 Autosomal dominant inheritance "A mode of inheritance that is observed for traits related to a gene encoded on one of the autosomes (i.e., the human chromosomes 1-22) in which a trait manifests in heterozygotes. In the context of medical genetics, an autosomal dominant disorder is caused when a single copy of the mutant allele is present. Males and females are affected equally, and can both transmit the disorder with a risk of 50% for each child of inheriting the mutant allele." [HPO:curators]
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 HP:0000124 Renal tubular dysfunction 
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 HP:0000343 Long philtrum 
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 HP:0000365 Hearing loss 
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 HP:0000463 Nares, anteverted "Anteriorly-facing nostrils viewed with the head in the Frankfurt horizontal and the eyes of the observer level with the eyes of the subject." [pmid:19152422]
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 HP:0000488 Retinopathy 
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 HP:0000508 Ptosis "Drooping of the eyelid." [HPO:curators]
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 HP:0000598 Abnormality of the ears 
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 HP:0000819 Diabetes mellitus 
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 HP:0000825 Hyperinsulinemic hypoglycemia 
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 HP:0000855 Insulin resistance 
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 HP:0000857 Neonatal insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus 
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 HP:0001249 Mental retardation 
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 HP:0001250 Seizures "Seizures are an intermittent `abnormality of the central nervous system` (FMA:HP:0002011) due to a sudden, excessive, disorderly discharge of cerebral neurons and characterized clinically by some combination of disturbance of sensation, loss of consciousness, impairment of psychic function, or convulsive movements." [HPO:probinson]
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 HP:0001251 Ataxia "Ataxia is a nonspecific neurological sign and symptom consisting of gross lack of coordination of muscle movements. Ataxia is caused by dysfunction of one or more parts of the nervous system including the cerebellum, the sensory nervous system, the vestibular system, or the cerebral cortex." [HPO:curators]
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 HP:0001252 Muscular hypotonia "Muscular hypotonia is an abnormally low muscle tone (the amount of tension or resistance to movement in a muscle), often involving reduced muscle strength. Hypotonia is characterized by a diminished resistance to passive stretching." [HPO:curators]
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 HP:0001259 Coma 
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 HP:0001263 Developmental retardation "A delay in the achievement of motor or mental milestones manifested prior to age 18 and generally associated with lifelong mental and/or physical impairments." [HPO:curators]
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 HP:0001270 Motor retardation 
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 HP:0001324 Muscle weakness "Reduced strength of muscles." [HPO:curators]
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 HP:0001325 Hypoglycemic coma 
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 HP:0001425 Heterogeneous 
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 HP:0001488 Bilateral ptosis 
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 HP:0001508 Failure to thrive 
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 HP:0001511 Intrauterine growth retardation 
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 HP:0001518 Low birth weight 
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 HP:0001627 Cardiac abnormality "An abnormality of the `heart` (FMA:7088)." [HPO:probinson]
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 HP:0001824 Weight loss 
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 HP:0001944 Dehydration 
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 HP:0001985 Hypoketotic hypoglycemia 
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 HP:0001988 Recurrent hypoglycemic episodes 
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 HP:0001993 Ketoacidosis 
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 HP:0002069 Generalized tonic-clonic seizures "Generalized tonic-clonic seizures are `generalized seizures` (HP:0002197) in which the patient suddenly loses conciousness, the eyes roll back, and the entire body musculature undergoes tonic contractions. In the clonic phase of the seizure, there are rhythmic contractions of the musculature alternating with relaxation of all muscle groups. Loss of sphincter control during the seizure is common. This form of seizure was formerly commonly called grand mal seizure." [HPO:curators]
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 HP:0002123 Myoclonic seizures "Myoclonic seizures are sudden, brief losses of consciousness and postural tone not associated with tonic muscular contractions. Myoclonic seizures may involve one body part or the entire body. In the latter case, the myoclonic seizure is accompanied by a violent fall but not by loss of consciousness." [HPO:curators]
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 HP:0002173 Seizures, hypoglycemic 
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 HP:0002186 Apraxia "A defect in the understanding of complex motor commands and in the execution of certain learned movements, i.e., deficits in the cognitive components of learned movements." [HPO:curators]
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 HP:0002270 Abnormality of the autonomic nervous system "An abnormality of the autonomic nervous system, which is the part of the peripheral nervous system that controls visceral functions such as heart rate and digestion and functions largely below the level of consciousness." [HPO:curators]
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 HP:0002378 Hand tremor 
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 HP:0002521 Hypsarrhythmia "Hypsarrhythmia is abnormal interictal high amplitude waves and a background of irregular spikes demonstrated by electroencephalography (EEG)." [HPO:curators]
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 HP:0002594 Pancreatic hypoplasia 
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 HP:0002714 Downturned corners of mouth "A morphological `abnormality of the mouth` (HP:0000153) in which the `angle of the mouth` (FMA:77269) is downturned." [HPO:probinson]
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 HP:0002715 Immunological abnormality 
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 HP:0002804 Arthrogryposis multiplex congenita 
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 HP:0002919 Ketonuria 
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 HP:0003074 Hyperglycemia 
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 HP:0003076 Glycosuria "The excretion of abnormal amounts of glucose in the urine, generally resulting in osmotic diuresis." [HPO:curators]
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 HP:0003121 Limb contractures 
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 HP:0003196 Nasal hypoplasia "Underdevelopment of the `nose` (FMA:46472)." [HPO:probinson]
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 HP:0003477 Axonal neuropathy 
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 HP:0003584 Late onset 
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 HP:0004904 Insulin-dependent maturity-onset diabetes of the young 
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 HP:0005487 Prominent metopic suture "A prominent persistent frontal suture (metopic suture)." [HPO:curators]
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 HP:0005750 Contractures of lower limbs 
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 HP:0005978 Noninsulin-dependent diabetes mellitus 
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 HP:0006274 Reduced pancreatic beta cells 
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 HP:0006279 Beta-cell dysfunction 
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 HP:0008283 Hyperinsulinemia, fasting 
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 HP:0008936 Muscular hypotonia of the trunk "Muscular hypotonia (abnormally low muscle tone) affecting the musculature of the trunk." [HPO:curators]
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 HP:0009466 Radial deviation of fingers 
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 HP:0009830 Peripheral neuropathy "Peripheral neuropathy is a general term for any disorder of the peripheral nervous system. The main clinical features used to classify peripheral neuropathy are distribution, type (mainly demyelinating versus mainly axonal), duration, and course." [HPO:curators]
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 HP:0010864 Mental retardation, severe "Moderate mental retardation is defined as an intelligence quotient (IQ) in the range of 20-34." [HPO:probinson]
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 HP:0011106 Hypovolemia "An decrease in the amount of intravascular fluid, particularly in the volume of the circulating blood." [HPO:probinson]
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 HP:0012378 Fatigue "A subjective feeling of tiredness characterized by a lack of energy and motivation." [HPO:probinson]
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 HP:0012594 Microalbuminuria "The presence of mildly increased concentrations of albumin in the urine (in adults, 30-150 mg per day)." [Eurenomics:fschaefer]
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 HP:0030084 Clinodactyly "An angulation of a digit at an interphalangeal joint in the plane of the palm (finger) or sole (toe)." [pmid:16252026]
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 HP:0030794 Abnormal C-peptide level "An anomolous circulating concentration of the connecting (C) peptide, which links the insulin A and B chains in proinsulin, providing thereby a means to promote their efficient folding and assembly in the endoplasmic reticulum during insulin biosynthesis. After cleavage of proinsulin, C-peptide is stored with insulin in the soluble phase of the secretory granules and is subsequently released in equimolar amounts with insulin, providing a useful independent indicator of insulin secretion." [HPO:probinson, PMID:15198367]
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Interacting proteins (from Reactome)
Interactor ID Name Interaction type
 ENSG00000084734 GCKR / Q14397 / glucokinase regulator  / reaction / complex






 

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