ENSG00000103197


Homo sapiens

Features
Gene ID: ENSG00000103197
  
Biological name :TSC2
  
Synonyms : P49815 / TSC2 / TSC complex subunit 2
  
Possible biological names infered from orthology :
  
Species: Homo sapiens
  
Chr. number: 16
Strand: 1
Band: p13.3
Gene start: 2047465
Gene end: 2089487
  
Corresponding Affymetrix probe sets: 215624_at (Human Genome U133 Plus 2.0 Array)   215735_s_at (Human Genome U133 Plus 2.0 Array)   
  
Cross references: Ensembl peptide - ENSP00000496610
Ensembl peptide - ENSP00000496317
Ensembl peptide - ENSP00000496611
Ensembl peptide - ENSP00000219476
Ensembl peptide - ENSP00000344383
Ensembl peptide - ENSP00000371978
Ensembl peptide - ENSP00000384468
Ensembl peptide - ENSP00000387937
Ensembl peptide - ENSP00000399232
Ensembl peptide - ENSP00000406980
Ensembl peptide - ENSP00000454487
Ensembl peptide - ENSP00000455817
Ensembl peptide - ENSP00000455997
Ensembl peptide - ENSP00000458541
Ensembl peptide - ENSP00000460310
Ensembl peptide - ENSP00000493846
Ensembl peptide - ENSP00000493912
Ensembl peptide - ENSP00000493990
Ensembl peptide - ENSP00000494393
Ensembl peptide - ENSP00000494514
Ensembl peptide - ENSP00000494747
Ensembl peptide - ENSP00000495099
Ensembl peptide - ENSP00000495110
Ensembl peptide - ENSP00000495146
Ensembl peptide - ENSP00000495459
Ensembl peptide - ENSP00000495644
Ensembl peptide - ENSP00000495921
Ensembl peptide - ENSP00000495927
Ensembl peptide - ENSP00000495948
Ensembl peptide - ENSP00000496262
NCBI entrez gene - 7249     See in Manteia.
OMIM - 191092
RefSeq - XM_017023618
RefSeq - NM_000548
RefSeq - NM_001077183
RefSeq - NM_001114382
RefSeq - NM_001318827
RefSeq - NM_001318829
RefSeq - NM_001318831
RefSeq - NM_001318832
RefSeq - XM_005255529
RefSeq - XM_005255531
RefSeq - XM_011522636
RefSeq - XM_011522637
RefSeq - XM_011522638
RefSeq - XM_011522639
RefSeq - XM_011522640
RefSeq - XM_017023615
RefSeq - XM_017023616
RefSeq - XM_017023617
RefSeq Peptide - NP_001305761
RefSeq Peptide - NP_001305760
RefSeq Peptide - NP_000539
RefSeq Peptide - NP_001070651
RefSeq Peptide - NP_001107854
RefSeq Peptide - NP_001305756
RefSeq Peptide - NP_001305758
swissprot - X5D2U8
swissprot - X5D7Q2
swissprot - C9JX95
swissprot - Q5HYF7
swissprot - H3BQK4
swissprot - H3BQY7
swissprot - I3L134
swissprot - I3L3B1
swissprot - P49815
swissprot - H3BMQ0
Ensembl - ENSG00000103197
  
Related genetic diseases (OMIM): 606690 - Lymphangioleiomyomatosis, somatic, 606690
  607341 - ?Focal cortical dysplasia, type II, somatic, 607341
  613254 - Tuberous sclerosis-2, 613254
See expression report in BioGPS
See gene description in Wikigenes
See gene description in GeneCards
See co-cited genes in PubMed


Ortholog prediction (from Ensembl)
Ortholog nameID Species
 TSC2ENSGALG00000005646Gallus gallus
 Tsc2ENSMUSG00000002496Mus musculus


Paralog prediction (from Ensembl)
Paralog nameIDSimilarity(%)
Q6GYQ0 / RALGAPA1 / Ral GTPase activating protein catalytic alpha subunit 1ENSG0000017437318
Q2PPJ7 / RALGAPA2 / Ral GTPase activating protein catalytic alpha subunit 2ENSG0000018855917
O43166 / SIPA1L1 / signal induced proliferation associated 1 like 1ENSG000001975559
Q9P2F8 / SIPA1L2 / signal induced proliferation associated 1 like 2ENSG000001169919
O60292 / SIPA1L3 / signal induced proliferation associated 1 like 3ENSG000001057388
GARNL3 / Q5VVW2 / GTPase activating Rap/RanGAP domain like 3ENSG000001368956
SIPA1 / Q96FS4 / signal-induced proliferation-associated 1ENSG000002134456
Q684P5 / RAP1GAP2 / RAP1 GTPase activating protein 2ENSG000001323595
P47736 / RAP1GAP / RAP1 GTPase activating proteinENSG000000768644


Protein motifs (from Interpro)
Interpro ID Name
 IPR000331  Rap GTPase activating protein domain
 IPR003913  Tuberin
 IPR011989  Armadillo-like helical
 IPR016024  Armadillo-type fold
 IPR018515  Tuberin-type domain
 IPR024584  Tuberin, N-terminal
 IPR027107  Tuberin/Ral GTPase-activating protein subunit alpha
 IPR035974  Rap/Ran-GAP superfamily


Gene Ontology (GO)
TypeGO IDTermEv.Code
 biological_processGO:0001843 neural tube closure ISS
 biological_processGO:0006469 negative regulation of protein kinase activity ISS
 biological_processGO:0006606 protein import into nucleus ISS
 biological_processGO:0006897 endocytosis TAS
 biological_processGO:0007050 cell cycle arrest TAS
 biological_processGO:0007507 heart development ISS
 biological_processGO:0008104 protein localization ISS
 biological_processGO:0008285 negative regulation of cell proliferation ISS
 biological_processGO:0014067 negative regulation of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase signaling ISS
 biological_processGO:0016032 viral process IEA
 biological_processGO:0016192 vesicle-mediated transport TAS
 biological_processGO:0016239 positive regulation of macroautophagy IGI
 biological_processGO:0030100 regulation of endocytosis ISS
 biological_processGO:0030178 negative regulation of Wnt signaling pathway IBA
 biological_processGO:0032007 negative regulation of TOR signaling IEA
 biological_processGO:0043276 anoikis IGI
 biological_processGO:0043491 protein kinase B signaling ISS
 biological_processGO:0043547 positive regulation of GTPase activity IEA
 biological_processGO:0046626 regulation of insulin receptor signaling pathway ISS
 biological_processGO:0046627 negative regulation of insulin receptor signaling pathway IBA
 biological_processGO:0048009 insulin-like growth factor receptor signaling pathway ISS
 biological_processGO:0050918 positive chemotaxis ISS
 biological_processGO:0051056 regulation of small GTPase mediated signal transduction IEA
 biological_processGO:0051726 regulation of cell cycle IBA
 biological_processGO:0051898 negative regulation of protein kinase B signaling IBA
 biological_processGO:1901525 negative regulation of mitophagy NAS
 cellular_componentGO:0005634 nucleus IEA
 cellular_componentGO:0005737 cytoplasm IEA
 cellular_componentGO:0005764 lysosome IDA
 cellular_componentGO:0005794 Golgi apparatus IDA
 cellular_componentGO:0005829 cytosol IDA
 cellular_componentGO:0016020 membrane IEA
 cellular_componentGO:0033596 TSC1-TSC2 complex IEA
 cellular_componentGO:0048471 perinuclear region of cytoplasm IDA
 molecular_functionGO:0005096 GTPase activator activity IEA
 molecular_functionGO:0005488 binding IEA
 molecular_functionGO:0005515 protein binding IPI
 molecular_functionGO:0019902 phosphatase binding IDA
 molecular_functionGO:0031267 small GTPase binding IPI
 molecular_functionGO:0042803 protein homodimerization activity IPI


Pathways (from Reactome)
Pathway description
Macroautophagy
Inhibition of TSC complex formation by PKB
AKT phosphorylates targets in the cytosol
Energy dependent regulation of mTOR by LKB1-AMPK
TP53 Regulates Metabolic Genes
Constitutive Signaling by AKT1 E17K in Cancer
TBC/RABGAPs


Phenotype (from MGI, Zfin or HPO)
IDPhenotypeDefinition Genetic BG
 HP:0000006 Autosomal dominant inheritance "A mode of inheritance that is observed for traits related to a gene encoded on one of the autosomes (i.e., the human chromosomes 1-22) in which a trait manifests in heterozygotes. In the context of medical genetics, an autosomal dominant disorder is caused when a single copy of the mutant allele is present. Males and females are affected equally, and can both transmit the disorder with a risk of 50% for each child of inheriting the mutant allele." [HPO:curators]
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 HP:0000008 Abnormality of female internal genitalia 
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 HP:0000083 Renal failure 
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 HP:0000107 Renal cysts 
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 HP:0000169 Gingival fibromatosis "Gingival fibromatosis is characterized by a slowly progressive benign enlargement of the oral gingival tissues. The condition results in the teeth being partially or totally engulfed by keratinized gingiva, causing aesthetic and functional problems. Both genetic and pharmacologically induced forms of gingival fibromatosis are known. The most common genetic form, hereditary gingival fibromatosis (HGF), is usually transmitted as an autosomal dominant trait, although sporadic cases are common and autosomal recessive inheritance has been reported." [HPO:curators]
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 HP:0000230 Gingivitis 
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 HP:0000238 Hydrocephalus 
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 HP:0000269 Prominent occiput 
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 HP:0000612 Iris coloboma "A `coloboma` (HP:0000589) of the `iris` (FMA:58235)." [HPO:probinson]
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 HP:0000648 Optic atrophy 
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 HP:0000708 Behavioural/Psychiatric Abnormality 
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 HP:0000717 Autism 
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 HP:0000790 Hematuria "The presence of blood in the urine. Hematuria may be gross hematuria (visible to the naked eye) or microscopic hematuria (detected by dipstick or microscopic examination of the urine)." [HPO:curators]
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 HP:0000821 Hypothyroidism 
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 HP:0000826 Precocious puberty "The onset of secondary sexual characteristics before a normal age. Although it is difficult to define normal age ranges because of the marked variation with which puberty begins in normal children, precocious puberty can be defined as the onset of puberty before the age of 8 years in girls or 9 years in boys." [HPO:curators]
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 HP:0000957 Cafe-au-lait spots 
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 HP:0001000 Abnormality of skin pigmentation 
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 HP:0001004 Lymphedema 
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 HP:0001052 Nevus flammeus "A congenital vascular malformation consisting of superficial and deep dilated capillaries in the skin which produce a reddish to purplish discolouration of the skin." [HPO:sdoelken]
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 HP:0001053 Hypopigmented skin patches 
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 HP:0001249 Mental retardation 
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 HP:0001250 Seizures "Seizures are an intermittent `abnormality of the central nervous system` (FMA:HP:0002011) due to a sudden, excessive, disorderly discharge of cerebral neurons and characterized clinically by some combination of disturbance of sensation, loss of consciousness, impairment of psychic function, or convulsive movements." [HPO:probinson]
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 HP:0001263 Developmental retardation "A delay in the achievement of motor or mental milestones manifested prior to age 18 and generally associated with lifelong mental and/or physical impairments." [HPO:curators]
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 HP:0001269 Hemiparesis "Relatively mild weakness in the arm, leg, and in some cases the face on one side of the body." [HPO:curators]
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 HP:0001328 Learning disability 
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 HP:0001392 Abnormality of the liver 
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 HP:0001425 Heterogeneous 
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 HP:0001428 Somatic mutation 
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 HP:0001482 Subcutaneous nodules 
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 HP:0001541 Ascites 
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 HP:0001635 Congestive heart failure "The presence of an abnormality of cardiac function that is responsible for the failure of the heart to pump blood at a rate that is commensurate with the needs of the tissues or a state in which abnormally elevated filling pressures are required for the heart to do so. Heart failure is frequently related to a defect in myocardial contraction." [HPO:curators]
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 HP:0001716 Wolf-Parkinson-White syndrome 
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 HP:0001945 Fever 
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 HP:0002027 Abdominal pain 
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 HP:0002091 Restrictive lung disease 
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 HP:0002093 Respiratory insufficiency 
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 HP:0002094 Dyspnea 
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 HP:0002097 Emphysema 
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 HP:0002105 Hemoptysis "Coughing up (expectoration) of blood or blood-streaked sputum from the larynx, trachea, bronchi, or lungs." [HPO:curators]
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 HP:0002107 Pneumothorax 
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 HP:0002113 Pulmonary infiltrates 
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 HP:0002205 Recurrent respiratory infections 
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 HP:0002239 Gastrointestinal hemorrhage 
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 HP:0002353 EEG abnormalities "Abnormality observed by electroencephalogram (EEG), which is used to record of the brain s spontaneous electrical activity from multiple electrodes placed on the scalp." [HPO:curators]
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 HP:0002384 Complex partial seizures "A `partial seizure` (HP:0007359) characterized by impairment or loss of consciousness." [HPO:curators]
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 HP:0002446 Astrocytosis 
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 HP:0002514 Cerebral calcification "The presence of calcification within brain structures." [HPO:curators]
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 HP:0002516 Increased intracranial pressure 
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 HP:0002539 Cortical dysplasia 
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 HP:0002617 Aneurysm 
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 HP:0002716 Lymphadenopathy 
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 HP:0002888 Ependymoma 
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 HP:0002894 Pancreatic cancer 
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 HP:0003581 Onset in adulthood 
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 HP:0003593 Early onset 
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 HP:0003745 Sporadic 
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 HP:0003812 Phenotypic variability 
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 HP:0004099 Macrodactyly 
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 HP:0005562 Multiple renal cysts 
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 HP:0005584 Renal cell carcinoma "Renal cell carcinoma (also known as hypernephroma) is the most common form of kidney cancer arising from the proximal renal tubule. The tissue of origin for renal cell carcinoma is the proximal renal tubular epithelium. Renal cell carcinoma can be classified as 1) clear cell carcinoma, 2) papillary carcinoma, 3) chromophobe renal carcinoma, and 4) collecting duct carcinoma." [HPO:curators]
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 HP:0006772 Multiple bilateral renal angiomyolipoma "Angiomyolipoma is a benign renal neoplasm composed of fat, vascular, and smooth muscle elements." [HPO:curators]
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 HP:0007018 Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder "Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) manifests at age 2-3 years or by first grade at the latest. The main symptoms are distractibility, impulsivity, hyperactivity, and often trouble organizing tasks and projects, difficulty going to sleep, and social problems from being aggressive, loud, or impatient." [HPO:curators]
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 HP:0007042 Focal white matter lesions 
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 HP:0007370 Aplasia/Hypoplasia of the corpus callosum "Absence or underdevelopment of the corpus callosum." [HPO:curators]
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 HP:0007449 Confetti-like hypopigmented macules 
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 HP:0007565 Multiple cafe-au-lait spots 
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 HP:0009592 Astrocytoma "Astrocytoma is a neoplasm of the central nervous system derived from astrocytes." [HPO:curators]
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 HP:0009594 Retinal hamartoma "A hamartoma (a benign, focal malformation consisting of a disorganized mixture of cells and tissues) of the retina." [HPO:curators]
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 HP:0009716 Subependymal nodules "Small nodular masses which originate in the subependymal region of the lateral ventricles and protrude into the ventricular cavity. They may represent subependymal hamartomas of tuberous sclerosis or nodular heterotopia of grey matter." [HPO:curators]
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 HP:0009717 Cortical tubers "Cortical tubers in the brain are hamartomatous lesions typically located at the gray-white matter interface, commonly in the frontal and parietal lobes. Cortical tubers are composed of abnormal glial and neural cells, and the size, number, and location vary among patients." [HPO:curators]
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 HP:0009718 Subependymal giant-cell astrocytoma "A demarcated, largely intraventricular tumor in the region of the foramen of Monro composed of spindle to large plump or ganglion-like cells with eosinophilic to amphophilic cytoplasm and somewhat pleomorphic nuclei with occasional prominent nucleoli. These tumors are almost always associated with tuberous sclerosis." [HPO:curators]
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 HP:0009720 Adenoma sebaceum "Facial angiofibromas, also known as adenoma sebaceum, are reddish papillary lesions (fibrous skin tumors) that are found around the nose, cheeks, and chin and considered to be characteristic of tuberous sclerosis." [HPO:curators]
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 HP:0009721 Shagreen patch "A plaque representing a connective-tissue nevus. Connective tissue naevi are uncommon skin lesions that occur when the deeper layers of the skin do not develop correctly or the components of these layers occur in the wrong proportion. Shagreen patches are oval-shaped and nevoid, skin-coloured or occasionally pigmented, smooth or crinkled, The word shagreen refers to a type of roughened untanned leather." [HPO:curators]
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 HP:0009722 Dental enamel pits "The presence of pits in the dental enamel." [HPO:curators]
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 HP:0009724 Subungual fibromata "The presence of fibromata beneath finger or toenails." [HPO:curators]
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 HP:0009727 Achromatic retinal patches "Areas of the retina lacking pigmentation." [HPO:curators]
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 HP:0009729 Cardiac rhabdomyoma "A benign tumor of cardiac striated muscle." [HPO:curators]
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 HP:0009734 Optic glioma "A glioma originating in the optic nerves or chiasm." [HPO:curators]
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 HP:0010310 Chylothorax "Accumulation of excessive amounts of lymphatic fluid (chyle) in the pleural cavity." [HPO:curators]
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 HP:0010609 Skin tags 
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 HP:0010615 Angiofibromas "Angiofibroma consist of many often dilated vessels." [HPO:curators]
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 HP:0010762 Chordoma "A chordoma is a tumors that arises from embryonic remnants of the `notochord` (FMA:85521) along the length of the neuraxis. Chordomas generally occur in the sacrum, intracranially at the clivus, or along the spinal axis." [HPO:probinson]
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 HP:0011675 Arrhythmia "Any cardiac rhythm other than the normal sinus rhythm. Such a rhythm may be either of sinus or ectopic origin and either regular or irregular. An arrhythmia may be due to a disturbance in impulse formation or conduction or both." [DDD:dbrown, pmid:19063792]
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 HP:0011852 Chylopericardium "Accumulation of chyle (the whitish fluid taken up by the lacteals in the intestine, consisting of an emulsion of lymph and triglyceride fat thatpasses into the veins by the thoracic duct) in the pericardium. Chylopericardium is generally caused by obstruction of or trauma to the thoracic duct." [HPO:probinson]
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 HP:0012086 Abnormal urinary color "An abnormal color of the urine, that is, the color of the urine appears different from the usual straw-yellow color." [HPO:probinson]
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 HP:0012378 Fatigue "A subjective feeling of tiredness characterized by a lack of energy and motivation." [HPO:probinson]
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 HP:0012469 Infantile spasms "Infantile spasms represent a subset of "epileptic spasms". Infantile Spasms are epileptic spasms starting in the first year of life (infancy)." [HPO:ihelbig]
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 HP:0012733 Macule "A flat, distinct, discolored area of skin less than 1 cm wide that does not involve any change in the thickness or texture of the skin." [HPO:probinson]
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 HP:0012735 Cough "A sudden, audible expulsion of air from the lungs through a partially closed glottis, preceded by inhalation." [HPO:probinson]
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 HP:0012798 Pulmonary lymphangiomyomatosis "Infiltration of smooth muscle-like cells in lymph vessels as well as the lung (pleura, alveolar septa, bronchi, pulmonary vessels and lymphatics as well as lymph nodes, especially in posterior mediastinum and retroperitoneum). Focal emphysema can develop because of airway narrowing, and the thoracic duct may be obliterated. Pulmonary lymphangiomyomatosis may lead to multiple small cysts with a hamartomatous proliferation of smooth muscle in their walls." [HPO:probinson]
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 HP:0100543 Cognitive impairment "Abnormality in the process of thought including the ability to process information." [HPO:sdoelken]
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 HP:0100749 Chest pain 
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 HP:0100750 Atelectasis 
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 HP:0100804 Ungual fibroma "Flesh-colored papule in or around the nail bed. Ungual fibromas may be periungual (arising under the proximal nail fold ) or subungual (originating under the nail plate)." [HPO:probinson, pmid:18815399]
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 HP:0200034 skin papules "A circumscribed, solid elevation of skin with no visible fluid, varying in size from a pinhead to less than 10mm in diameter at the widest point." [HPO:SKOEHLER]
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Interacting proteins (from Reactome)
Interactor ID Name Interaction type
 ENSG00000165699 TSC1 / Q92574 / TSC complex subunit 1  / reaction / complex
 ENSG00000103197 TSC2 / P49815 / TSC complex subunit 2  / complex
 ENSG00000145979 Q9P0N9 / TBC1D7 / TBC1 domain family member 7  / complex / reaction
 ENSG00000111725 PRKAB1 / Q9Y478 / protein kinase AMP-activated non-catalytic subunit beta 1  / reaction
 ENSG00000131791 O43741 / PRKAB2 / protein kinase AMP-activated non-catalytic subunit beta 2  / reaction
 ENSG00000115592 PRKAG3 / Q9UGI9 / protein kinase AMP-activated non-catalytic subunit gamma 3  / reaction
 ENSG00000106617 PRKAG2 / Q9UGJ0 / protein kinase AMP-activated non-catalytic subunit gamma 2  / reaction
 ENSG00000132356 PRKAA1 / Q13131 / protein kinase AMP-activated catalytic subunit alpha 1  / reaction
 ENSG00000105221 AKT2 / P31751 / AKT serine/threonine kinase 2  / reaction
 ENSG00000181929 P54619 / PRKAG1 / protein kinase AMP-activated non-catalytic subunit gamma 1  / reaction
 ENSG00000142208 AKT1 / P31749 / AKT serine/threonine kinase 1  / reaction
 ENSG00000162409 P54646 / PRKAA2 / protein kinase AMP-activated catalytic subunit alpha 2  / reaction






 

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