| HP:0000006 | Autosomal dominant inheritance | "A mode of inheritance that is observed for traits related to a gene encoded on one of the autosomes (i.e., the human chromosomes 1-22) in which a trait manifests in heterozygotes. In the context of medical genetics, an autosomal dominant disorder is caused when a single copy of the mutant allele is present. Males and females are affected equally, and can both transmit the disorder with a risk of 50% for each child of inheriting the mutant allele." [HPO:curators] |
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| HP:0000023 | Inguinal hernia | |
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| HP:0000028 | Cryptorchidism | "Absence of one or both testes from the scrotum owing to failure of the testis or testes to descend through the inguinal canal to the testis." [HPO:curators] |
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| HP:0000046 | Scrotal hypoplasia | |
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| HP:0000047 | Hypospadias | "Displacement of the urethral opening on the ventral (inferior) surface of the penis." [HPO:curators] |
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| HP:0000054 | Micropenis | |
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| HP:0000062 | Ambiguous genitalia | |
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| HP:0000072 | Hydroureter | "The distention of the ureter with urine." [HPO:curators] |
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| HP:0000086 | Ectopic kidney | "A developmental defect in which a kidney is located in an abnormal anatomic position." [HPO:curators] |
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| HP:0000089 | Renal hypoplasia | |
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| HP:0000098 | Increased body height | |
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| HP:0000107 | Renal cysts | |
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| HP:0000110 | Renal dysplasia | |
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| HP:0000122 | Unilateral renal agenesis | |
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| HP:0000126 | Hydronephrosis | |
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| HP:0000171 | Microglossia | |
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| HP:0000175 | Cleft palate | "Cleft palate is a developmental defect of the `palate` (FMA:54549) resulting from a failure of fusion of the palatine processes." [HPO:curators] |
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| HP:0000191 | Oral frenula | |
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| HP:0000193 | Bifid uvula | "A split or cleft uvula." [HPO:curators] |
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| HP:0000204 | Cleft lip | "A gap in the `upper lip` (FMA:59817). This is a congenital defect resulting from nonfusion of tissues of the lip during embryonal development." [HPO:probinson] |
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| HP:0000238 | Hydrocephalus | |
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| HP:0000243 | Trigonocephaly | |
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| HP:0000256 | Macrocephaly | "The presence of an abnormally large `skull` (FMA:46565)." [HPO:probinson] |
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| HP:0000260 | Wide anterior fontanel | "Enlargement of the anterior fontanelle with respect to age-dependent norms." [HPO:curators] |
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| HP:0000269 | Prominent occiput | |
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| HP:0000270 | Delayed closure of fontanelles | "Infants normally have two fontanels at birth, the diamond-shaped anterior fontanelle at the junction of the coronal and sagittal sutures, and the posterior fontanelle at the intersection of the occipital and parietal bones. The posterior fontanelle usually closes by the 8th week of life, and the anterior fontanel closes by the 18th month of life on average. This term applies if there is delay of closure of the fontanelles beyond the normal age." [HPO:curators] |
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| HP:0000273 | Facial grimacing | |
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| HP:0000308 | Microretrognathia | |
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| HP:0000316 | Hypertelorism | |
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| HP:0000340 | Sloping forehead | "A form of the forehead that slopes from top to bottom in an anterior direction." [HPO:curators] |
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| HP:0000348 | High forehead | "An abnormally increased height of the forehead." [HPO:curators] |
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| HP:0000358 | Posteriorly rotated ears | "A type of `abnormal location of the ears` (HP:0000357) in which the position of the ears is characterized by posterior rotation (the superior part of the ears is rotated towards the back of the head, and the inferior part of the ears towards the front)." [HPO:probinson] |
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| HP:0000363 | Abnormality of ear lobes | |
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| HP:0000368 | Low-set, posteriorly rotated ears | |
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| HP:0000407 | Hearing loss, sensorineural | "Hearing loss caused by damage or dysfunction of the auditory nerve (cranial nerve VIII)." [HPO:curators] |
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| HP:0000413 | External auditory canal atresia | "Absence or failure to form of the external auditory canal." [HPO:curators] |
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| HP:0000431 | Broad nasal bridge | "Increased horizontal dimension of the upper, bony part of the nose." [HPO:curators] |
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| HP:0000453 | Choanal atresia | "Absence or abnormal closure of the choana (the posterior nasal aperture)." [HPO:curators] |
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| HP:0000457 | Flat nose | |
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| HP:0000463 | Nares, anteverted | "Anteriorly-facing nostrils viewed with the head in the Frankfurt horizontal and the eyes of the observer level with the eyes of the subject." [pmid:19152422] |
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| HP:0000494 | Downward slanting palpebral fissures | |
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| HP:0000506 | Telecanthus | "An abnormally increased distance between the medial canthi (angle between eyelids) of the eyelids." [HPO:curators] |
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| HP:0000508 | Ptosis | "Drooping of the eyelid." [HPO:curators] |
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| HP:0000568 | Microphthalmos | "A developmental anomaly characterized by abnormal smallness of one or both eyes." [HPO:curators] |
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| HP:0000695 | Neonatal teeth | |
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| HP:0000749 | Paroxysmal bursts of laughter | |
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| HP:0000776 | Diaphragmatic hernia | "Diaphragmatic hernia is the result of a developmental defect causing an abnormal opening in the diaphragm, through which abdominal organs (stomach, spleen, liver, and intestines) can protrude into the thoracic cavity. This usually causes respiratory distress in the newborn period." [HPO:curators] |
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| HP:0000824 | Growth hormone deficiency | "Insufficient production of growth hormone, which is produced by the anterior pituitary gland." [HPO:curators] |
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| HP:0000826 | Precocious puberty | "The onset of secondary sexual characteristics before a normal age. Although it is difficult to define normal age ranges because of the marked variation with which puberty begins in normal children, precocious puberty can be defined as the onset of puberty before the age of 8 years in girls or 9 years in boys." [HPO:curators] |
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| HP:0000835 | Adrenal hypoplasia | |
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| HP:0000871 | Panhypopituitarism | "A pituitary functional deficit affecting all the anterior pituitary hormones (growth hormone, thyroid-stimulating hormone, follicle-stimulating hormone, luteinizing hormone, adrenocorticotropic hormone, and prolactin)." [HPO:curators] |
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| HP:0000889 | Abnormality of the clavicles | "Any abnormality of the clavicles (collar bones)." [HPO:curators] |
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| HP:0000902 | Rib fusion | |
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| HP:0001007 | Hirsutism | "Abnormally increased hair growth." [HPO:curators] |
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| HP:0001156 | Brachydactyly | |
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| HP:0001159 | Syndactyly | "Webbing or fusion of the fingers or toes, involving soft parts only or including bone structure. Bony fusions are revered to as "bony" Syndactyly if the fusion occurs in a radio-ulnar axis. Fusions of bones of the fingers or toes in a proximo-distal axis are refered to as "Symphalangism"." [HPO:curators] |
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| HP:0001162 | Postaxial polydactyly (hands) | "Supernumerary digits located at the ulnar side of the hand." [HPO:curators] |
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| HP:0001177 | Preaxial polydactyly (hands) | "Supernumerary digits located at the radial side of the hand. Polydactyly (supernumerary digits) involving the thumb occurs in many distinct forms of high variability and severity. Ranging from fleshy nubbins over varying degrees of partial duplication/splitting to completely duplicated or even triplicated thumbs or preaxial (on the radial side of the hand) supernumerary digits." [HPO:curators] |
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| HP:0001199 | Triphalangeal thumb | "In contrast to the metacarpals 2-5, the first metacarpal is embryologically of phalangeal origin. The thumb normally consists of the first metacarpal and a proximal and distal phalanx. All other digits have an additional middle phalanx. This term applies if the thumb has an accessory phalanx, leading to a digit like appearance of the thumb." [HPO:curators] |
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| HP:0001249 | Mental retardation | |
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| HP:0001250 | Seizures | "Seizures are an intermittent `abnormality of the central nervous system` (FMA:HP:0002011) due to a sudden, excessive, disorderly discharge of cerebral neurons and characterized clinically by some combination of disturbance of sensation, loss of consciousness, impairment of psychic function, or convulsive movements." [HPO:probinson] |
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| HP:0001256 | Mental retardation, mild | "Mild mental retardation is defined as an intelligence quotient (IQ) in the range of 50-69." [HPO:curators] |
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| HP:0001263 | Developmental retardation | "A delay in the achievement of motor or mental milestones manifested prior to age 18 and generally associated with lifelong mental and/or physical impairments." [HPO:curators] |
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| HP:0001273 | Abnormality of the corpus callosum | "Abnormality of the corpus callosum, which is a broad thick band of nerve fibers that connects the right and left cerebral hemispheres." [HPO:curators] |
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| HP:0001274 | Agenesis of corpus callosum | "Absence of the corpus callosum as a result of the failure of the corpus callosum to develop, which can be the result of a failure in any one of the multiple steps of callosal development including cellular proliferation and migration, axonal growth or glial patterning at the midline." [HPO:curators] |
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| HP:0001305 | Dandy-Walker malformation | "A congenital brain malformation typically characterized by incomplete formation of the cerebellar vermis, dilation of the fourth ventricle, and enlargement of the posterior fossa. In layman s terms, Dandy Walker malformation is a cyst in the cerebellum (typically symmetrical) that is involved with the fourth ventricle. This may interfere with the body s ability to drain cerebrospinal fluid from the brain, resulting in hydrocephalus. Dandy Walker cysts are formed during early embryonic development, while the brain forms. The cyst in the cerebellum typically has several blood vessels running through it connecting to the brain, thereby prohibiting surgical removal." [HPO:curators] |
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| HP:0001321 | Cerebellar hypoplasia | |
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| HP:0001360 | Holoprosencephaly | "Holoprosencephaly is a structural anomaly of the brain in which the developing forebrain fails to divide into two separate hemispheres and ventricles." [gc:hpe] |
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| HP:0001363 | Craniosynostosis | "Craniosynostosis refers to the premature closure of the cranial sutures. Primary craniosynostosis refers to the closure of one or more sutures due to abnormalities in skull development, and secondary craniosynostosis results from failure of brain growth." [HPO:curators] |
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| HP:0001459 | 1-3 toe syndactyly | "`Syndactyly` (HP:0001159) with fusion of toes one to three." [HPO:sdoelken] |
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| HP:0001511 | Intrauterine growth retardation | |
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| HP:0001520 | Large for gestational age | "The term large for gestational age applies to babies whose birth weight lies above the 90th percentile for that gestational age." [HPO:curators] |
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| HP:0001537 | Umbilical hernia | "Protrusion of abdominal contents through a defect in the abdominal wall musculature around the umbilicus. Skin and subcutaneous tissue overlie the defect." [HPO:curators] |
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| HP:0001562 | Oligohydramnios | |
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| HP:0001627 | Cardiac abnormality | "An abnormality of the `heart` (FMA:7088)." [HPO:probinson] |
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| HP:0001629 | Ventricular septal defect | "A hole between the two bottom chambers (ventricles) of the heart. The defect is centered around the most superior aspect of the ventricular septum." [HPO:curators] |
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| HP:0001631 | Atrial septal defect | "Atrial septal defect (ASD) is a congenital heart defect that enables blood flow between the left and right atria via the interatrial septum. The three common types of ASD are sinus venosus defects, ostium secundum defects, and ostium primum defects." [HPO:curators] |
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| HP:0001643 | Patent ductus arteriosus | |
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| HP:0001680 | Coarctation of aorta | "Coarctation of the aorta is a narrowing or constriction of the aorta just distal to the origin of the left subclavian artery." [HPO:curators] |
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| HP:0001770 | Toe syndactyly | "Webbing or fusion of the toes, involving soft parts only or including bone structure. Bony fusions are revered to as "bony" Syndactyly if the fusion occurs in a radio-ulnar axis. Fusions of bones of the toes in a proximo-distal axis are refered to as "Symphalangism"." [HPO:curators] |
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| HP:0001830 | Postaxial polydactyly (feet) | "Polydactyly of the foot most commonly refers to the presence of six toes on one foot. Postaxial polydactyly affects the lateral ray and the duplication may range from a well-formed articulated digit to a rudimentary digit." [HPO:curators] |
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| HP:0001836 | Camptodactyly (feet) | |
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| HP:0001837 | Broad toes | |
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| HP:0001841 | Preaxial polydactyly (feet) | "This term applies for a wide variety of partial and/or complete duplications of the phalanges of the big toe (sometimes including the 1st metatarsal). A partial duplication can present itself on x-rays as a notched phalanx, bifid phalanx or a broadened phalanx. Polydactyly affecting the big toe is called preaxial or hallucal polydactyly of the feet." [HPO:curators] |
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| HP:0001845 | Overriding toes | "A congenital condition in which a toe is adducted, dorsifelxed, and medially deviated, generally lying over the metatarsal phalangeal joint of the adjacent toe. Usually, the fifth toe is affected." [HPO:curators] |
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| HP:0001883 | Talipes | |
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| HP:0002007 | Frontal bossing | "The presence of an unusually prominent forehead." [HPO:curators] |
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| HP:0002023 | Anal atresia | "Congenital absence of the anus, i.e., the opening at the bottom end of the intestinal tract." [HPO:curators] |
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| HP:0002032 | Esophageal atresia | "A developmental defect resulting in complete obliteration of the lumen of the esophagus such that the esophagus ends in a blind pouch rather than connecting to the stomach." [HPO:curators] |
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| HP:0002093 | Respiratory insufficiency | |
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| HP:0002101 | Abnormal lung lobation | "Defects in the formation of pulmonary lobules." [HPO:curators] |
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| HP:0002139 | Arrhinencephaly | |
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| HP:0002164 | Nail dysplasia | |
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| HP:0002444 | Hypothalamic hamartoma | "Hypothalamic hamartoma is a malformation, not a tumor. Hypothalamic hamartomas grow at the rate of, or slower than, the surrounding brain tissue. A hamartoma of the hypothalamus appears as a non-enhancing mass in the floor of the third ventricle posterior to the optic chiasm that is isointense to grey matter on T1 and T2 pulse sequences of an MRI, but may have distinct intensity on FLAIR (neither cranial CT examination nor cranial ultrasound examination is adequate for diagnosis of hypothalamic hamartom). Individuals with hypothalamic hamartomas may have neurologic symptoms, although most are asymptomatic. Removal of the hypothalamic hamartoma is not indicated and often results in iatrogenic pituitary insufficiency." [HPO:curators] |
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| HP:0002575 | Tracheoesophageal fistula | "An abnormal connection (fistula) between the esophagus and the trachea." [HPO:curators] |
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| HP:0002652 | Skeletal dysplasia | |
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| HP:0002827 | Dislocated hips | |
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| HP:0002937 | Hemivertebrae | |
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| HP:0002986 | Radial bowing | |
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| HP:0003027 | Mesomelia | "Shortening of the middle parts of the limbs (forearm and lower leg) in relation to the upper and terminal segments." [HPO:sdoelken] |
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| HP:0003048 | Radial head subluxation | "Partial dislocation of the head of the radius." [HPO:curators] |
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| HP:0003074 | Hyperglycemia | |
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| HP:0003196 | Nasal hypoplasia | "Underdevelopment of the `nose` (FMA:46472)." [HPO:probinson] |
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| HP:0003811 | Neonatal death | |
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| HP:0003828 | Variable expressivity | |
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| HP:0004303 | Abnormality of muscle fibers | "Abnormality of muscle fibers, which are cylindrical and multinucleated cells. Muscle fibers are subdivided into two types. Type I fibers are fatigue-resistant and rich in oxidative enzymes (they stain light with the myosin ATPase reaction), and type II fibers are fast-contracting, fatigue-prone, and rich in glycolytic enzymes (these fibers stain darkly). Normal muscle tissue has a random distribution of type I and type II fibers." [HPO:curators] |
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| HP:0004322 | Decreased body height | "A height below that which is expected according to age and gender norms. Although there is no universally accepted definition of short stature, many refer to "short stature" as height more than 2 standard deviations below the mean for age and gender (or below the 3rd percentile for age and gender dependent norms)." [HPO:curators] |
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| HP:0005151 | Proximal aortic coarctation | |
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| HP:0005280 | Depressed nasal root and bridge | |
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| HP:0005349 | Hypoplasia of the epiglottis | |
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| HP:0005616 | Accelerated skeletal maturation | "An abnormally increased rate of skeletal maturation. Accelerated skeletal maturation can be diagnosed on the basis of an estimation of the bone age from radiographs of specific bones in the human body." [HPO:curators] |
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| HP:0005684 | Distal arthrogryposis | |
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| HP:0005688 | Dysplastic distal thumb phalanges with a central hole | |
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| HP:0005917 | Supernumerary metacarpal bones | "The presence of more than the normal number of metacarpal bones." [HPO:curators] |
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| HP:0005990 | Hypoplastic thyroid | |
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| HP:0006042 | Y-shaped metacarpals | "Y-shaped metacarpals are the result of a partial fusion of two metacarpal bones, with the two arms of the Y pointing in the distal direction. Y-shaped metacarpals may be seen in combination with polydactyly." [HPO:curators] |
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| HP:0006097 | 3-4 finger syndactyly | "`Syndactyly` (HP:0001159) with fusion of fingers three and four." [HPO:sdoelken] |
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| HP:0006101 | Finger syndactyly | "Webbing or fusion of the fingers, involving soft parts only or including bone structure. Bony fusions are revered to as "bony" Syndactyly if the fusion occurs in a radio-ulnar axis. Fusions of bones of the fingers in a proximo-distal axis are refered to as "Symphalangism"." [HPO:curators] |
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| HP:0006136 | Bilateral postaxial polydactyly | |
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| HP:0006159 | Central polydactyly (hands) | |
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| HP:0006402 | Distal shortening of limbs | |
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| HP:0006695 | Tricuspid and mitral valves are replaced by a single inlet valve | |
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| HP:0007360 | Aplasia/Hypoplasia of the cerebellum | |
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| HP:0007370 | Aplasia/Hypoplasia of the corpus callosum | "Absence or underdevelopment of the corpus callosum." [HPO:curators] |
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| HP:0007601 | Midline facial capillary hemangioma | |
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| HP:0008163 | Plasma cortisol low | |
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| HP:0008188 | Thyroid dysplasia/aplasia | |
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| HP:0008207 | Primary adrenal insufficiency | |
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| HP:0008213 | Pituitary gonadotropin deficiency | |
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| HP:0008240 | Secondary growth hormone deficiency | |
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| HP:0008245 | Tsh deficient hypothyroidism | |
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| HP:0008551 | Underdeveloped ears | |
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| HP:0008684 | Absent/hypoplastic uterus | |
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| HP:0008706 | Distal urethral duplication | |
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| HP:0008734 | Decreased testicular size | |
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| HP:0008751 | Laryngeal cleft | |
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| HP:0009473 | Joint contractures involving the joints of the hand | |
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| HP:0009958 | Polydactyly affecting the 3rd finger | |
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| HP:0009971 | Polydactyly affecting the 4th finger | |
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| HP:0010044 | Hypoplastic/short 4th metacarpal | |
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| HP:0010055 | Broad hallux | |
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| HP:0010059 | Broad phalanges of the hallux | |
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| HP:0010112 | Central polydactyly (feet) | |
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| HP:0010564 | Bifid epiglottis | "A midline anterior-posterior cleft of the epiglottis that involves at least two-thirds of the epiglottic leaf. It is a useful feature for clinical diagnosis because it appears to be very rare in syndromes other than Pallister-Hall-Syndrome and is also rare as an isolated malformation." [HPO:curators] |
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| HP:0010713 | 1-5 toe syndactyly | "`Syndactyly` (HP:0001159) with fusion of toes one to five (complete syndactyly of all toes of the foot)." [HPO:sdoelken] |
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| HP:0010821 | Gelastic seizures | "A type of `seizure` (HP:0001250) characterized by laughing or an outburst of laughing as a major feature." [HPO:probinson] |
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| HP:0010864 | Mental retardation, severe | "Moderate mental retardation is defined as an intelligence quotient (IQ) in the range of 20-34." [HPO:probinson] |
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| HP:0010958 | Bilateral renal agenesis | "A `bilateral` (PATO:0000618) form of `agenesis` (MPATH:57) of the `kidney` (FMA:7203)." [HPO:probinson] |
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| HP:0011026 | Aplasia/Hypoplasia of the vagina | "`Aplasia` (MPATH:58) or developmental hypoplasia of the `vagina` (FMA:19949)." [HPO:probinson] |
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| HP:0011304 | Broad thumb | "Increased thumb width without increased dorso-ventral dimension." [pmid:19125433] |
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| HP:0011330 | Metopic synostosis | "Premature fusion of the metopic suture." [DDD:awilkie] |
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| HP:0011734 | Central adrenal insufficiency | "A form of adrenal insufficiency related to a lack of ACTH, which leads to a decrease in the production of cortisol by the adrenal glands. Aldosterone production is not usually affected." [DDD:spark] |
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| HP:0011748 | Adrenocorticotropic hormone deficiency | "A reduced ability to secrete adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH), a hormone that stimulates the adrenal cortex to secrete of glucocorticoids such as cortisol." [DDD:spark] |
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| HP:0011939 | 3-4 finger cutaneous syndactyly | "A soft tissue continuity in the A/P axis between fingers 4 and 4." [HPO:probinson] |
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| HP:0012165 | Oligodactyly | "A developmental defect resulting in the presence of fewer than the normal number of digits." [HPO:probinson] |
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| HP:0012751 | Abnormal basal ganglia MRI signal intensity | "A deviation from normal signal on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the basal ganglia." [UToronto:htrang] |
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| HP:0030010 | Hydrometrocolpos | "Hydrometrocolpos is an accumulation of uterine and vaginal secretions as well as menstrual blood in the uterus and vagina." [] |
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| HP:0030021 | Auricular tag | "Small protrusion within the pinna." [eom:1b6d89bad30b8f18, pmid:19152421] |
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| HP:0030431 | Osteochondroma | "A cartilage capped bony outgrowth of a long bone. Osteochondroma arises on the external surface of bone containing a marrow cavity that is continuous with that of the underlying bone." [HPO:probinson, pmid:18271966] |
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| HP:0030799 | Scaphocephaly | "Scaphocephaly is a subtype of dolichocephaly where the anterior and posterior aspects of the cranial vault are pointed (boat-shaped). Scaphocephaly is caused by a precocious fusion of sagittal suture without other associated synostosis." [HPO:probinson, PMID:16156241, PMID:23960302] |
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| HP:0040086 | Abnormal prolactin level | |
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| HP:0100258 | Preaxial polydactyly | "A form of polydactyly in which the extra digit or digits are localized on the side of the thumb or great toe." [HPO:probinson] |
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| HP:0200117 | Recurrent upper and lower respiratory tract infections | |
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| HP:0410030 | Cleft lip | "A gap in the lip or lips." [] |
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