ENSG00000142192


Homo sapiens

Features
Gene ID: ENSG00000142192
  
Biological name :APP
  
Synonyms : amyloid beta precursor protein / APP / P05067
  
Possible biological names infered from orthology :
  
Species: Homo sapiens
  
Chr. number: 21
Strand: -1
Band: q21.3
Gene start: 25880550
Gene end: 26171128
  
Corresponding Affymetrix probe sets: 200602_at (Human Genome U133 Plus 2.0 Array)   211277_x_at (Human Genome U133 Plus 2.0 Array)   214953_s_at (Human Genome U133 Plus 2.0 Array)   
  
Cross references: Ensembl peptide - ENSP00000387483
Ensembl peptide - ENSP00000352760
Ensembl peptide - ENSP00000396923
Ensembl peptide - ENSP00000406539
Ensembl peptide - ENSP00000398879
Ensembl peptide - ENSP00000284981
Ensembl peptide - ENSP00000345463
Ensembl peptide - ENSP00000346129
Ensembl peptide - ENSP00000350578
Ensembl peptide - ENSP00000351796
NCBI entrez gene - 351     See in Manteia.
OMIM - 104760
RefSeq - NM_001136129
RefSeq - NM_000484
RefSeq - NM_001136016
RefSeq - NM_001136130
RefSeq - NM_001136131
RefSeq - NM_001204301
RefSeq - NM_001204302
RefSeq - NM_001204303
RefSeq - NM_201413
RefSeq - NM_201414
RefSeq Peptide - NP_001191231
RefSeq Peptide - NP_001191232
RefSeq Peptide - NP_958816
RefSeq Peptide - NP_958817
RefSeq Peptide - NP_000475
RefSeq Peptide - NP_001129488
RefSeq Peptide - NP_001129601
RefSeq Peptide - NP_001129602
RefSeq Peptide - NP_001129603
RefSeq Peptide - NP_001191230
swissprot - P05067
swissprot - H7C2L2
swissprot - A0A0A0MRG2
swissprot - E9PG40
swissprot - A0A140VJC8
swissprot - H7C0V9
Ensembl - ENSG00000142192
  
Related genetic diseases (OMIM): 104300 - Alzheimer disease 1, familial, 104300
  605714 - Cerebral amyloid angiopathy, Dutch, Italian, Iowa, Flemish, Arctic variants, 605714
See expression report in BioGPS
See gene description in Wikigenes
See gene description in GeneCards
See co-cited genes in PubMed


Ortholog prediction (from Ensembl)
Ortholog nameID Species
 appaENSDARG00000104279Danio rerio
 APPENSGALG00000015770Gallus gallus
 AppENSMUSG00000022892Mus musculus


Paralog prediction (from Ensembl)
Paralog nameIDSimilarity(%)
APLP2 / Q06481 / amyloid beta precursor like protein 2ENSG0000008423448
APLP1 / P51693 / amyloid beta precursor like protein 1ENSG0000010529030


Protein motifs (from Interpro)
Interpro ID Name
 IPR002223  Pancreatic trypsin inhibitor Kunitz domain
 IPR008154  Amyloidogenic glycoprotein, extracellular
 IPR008155  Amyloidogenic glycoprotein
 IPR011178  Amyloidogenic glycoprotein, copper-binding
 IPR013803  Amyloidogenic glycoprotein, amyloid-beta peptide
 IPR015849  Amyloidogenic glycoprotein, heparin-binding
 IPR019543  Beta-amyloid precursor protein C-terminal
 IPR019744  Amyloidogenic glycoprotein, extracellular domain conserved site
 IPR019745  Amyloidogenic glycoprotein, intracellular domain, conserved site
 IPR020901  Proteinase inhibitor I2, Kunitz, conserved site
 IPR024329  Amyloidogenic glycoprotein, E2 domain
 IPR028866  Amyloid beta A4 protein
 IPR036176  E2 domain superfamily
 IPR036454  Amyloidogenic glycoprotein, heparin-binding domain superfamily
 IPR036669  Amyloidogenic glycoprotein, copper-binding domain superfamily
 IPR036880  Pancreatic trypsin inhibitor Kunitz domain superfamily
 IPR037071  Amyloidogenic glycoprotein, amyloid-beta peptide superfamily


Gene Ontology (GO)
TypeGO IDTermEv.Code
 biological_processGO:0001934 positive regulation of protein phosphorylation IGI
 biological_processGO:0001967 suckling behavior IEA
 biological_processGO:0002265 astrocyte activation involved in immune response IGI
 biological_processGO:0002576 platelet degranulation TAS
 biological_processGO:0006378 mRNA polyadenylation ISS
 biological_processGO:0006417 regulation of translation ISS
 biological_processGO:0006468 protein phosphorylation ISS
 biological_processGO:0006878 cellular copper ion homeostasis ISS
 biological_processGO:0006897 endocytosis ISS
 biological_processGO:0006915 apoptotic process IEA
 biological_processGO:0006979 response to oxidative stress IEA
 biological_processGO:0007155 cell adhesion IEA
 biological_processGO:0007176 regulation of epidermal growth factor-activated receptor activity ISS
 biological_processGO:0007186 G-protein coupled receptor signaling pathway TAS
 biological_processGO:0007219 Notch signaling pathway IEA
 biological_processGO:0007399 nervous system development IEA
 biological_processGO:0007409 axonogenesis ISS
 biological_processGO:0007611 learning or memory TAS
 biological_processGO:0007612 learning IMP
 biological_processGO:0007617 mating behavior ISS
 biological_processGO:0007626 locomotory behavior ISS
 biological_processGO:0008088 axo-dendritic transport ISS
 biological_processGO:0008203 cholesterol metabolic process IEA
 biological_processGO:0008285 negative regulation of cell proliferation IDA
 biological_processGO:0008344 adult locomotory behavior ISS
 biological_processGO:0008542 visual learning ISS
 biological_processGO:0009987 cellular process IMP
 biological_processGO:0010288 response to lead ion IEA
 biological_processGO:0010466 negative regulation of peptidase activity IEA
 biological_processGO:0010468 regulation of gene expression IGI
 biological_processGO:0010628 positive regulation of gene expression IMP
 biological_processGO:0010629 negative regulation of gene expression IGI
 biological_processGO:0010800 positive regulation of peptidyl-threonine phosphorylation IMP
 biological_processGO:0010951 negative regulation of endopeptidase activity IEA
 biological_processGO:0010952 positive regulation of peptidase activity IEA
 biological_processGO:0010971 positive regulation of G2/M transition of mitotic cell cycle IEA
 biological_processGO:0014005 microglia development IGI
 biological_processGO:0016199 axon midline choice point recognition ISS
 biological_processGO:0016322 neuron remodeling ISS
 biological_processGO:0016358 dendrite development ISS
 biological_processGO:0030111 regulation of Wnt signaling pathway IC
 biological_processGO:0030198 extracellular matrix organization ISS
 biological_processGO:0030900 forebrain development IEA
 biological_processGO:0031175 neuron projection development ISS
 biological_processGO:0032092 positive regulation of protein binding IGI
 biological_processGO:0032640 tumor necrosis factor production IGI
 biological_processGO:0033138 positive regulation of peptidyl-serine phosphorylation IMP
 biological_processGO:0035235 ionotropic glutamate receptor signaling pathway ISS
 biological_processGO:0040014 regulation of multicellular organism growth ISS
 biological_processGO:0042327 positive regulation of phosphorylation IGI
 biological_processGO:0043393 regulation of protein binding IEA
 biological_processGO:0043687 post-translational protein modification TAS
 biological_processGO:0044267 cellular protein metabolic process TAS
 biological_processGO:0045087 innate immune response TAS
 biological_processGO:0045665 negative regulation of neuron differentiation IEA
 biological_processGO:0045931 positive regulation of mitotic cell cycle ISS
 biological_processGO:0045944 positive regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II IGI
 biological_processGO:0046330 positive regulation of JNK cascade IGI
 biological_processGO:0048143 astrocyte activation IGI
 biological_processGO:0048169 regulation of long-term neuronal synaptic plasticity IGI
 biological_processGO:0048669 collateral sprouting in absence of injury ISS
 biological_processGO:0050730 regulation of peptidyl-tyrosine phosphorylation IGI
 biological_processGO:0050803 regulation of synapse structure or activity ISS
 biological_processGO:0050808 synapse organization IGI
 biological_processGO:0050885 neuromuscular process controlling balance IEA
 biological_processGO:0051091 positive regulation of DNA-binding transcription factor activity IGI
 biological_processGO:0051092 positive regulation of NF-kappaB transcription factor activity IGI
 biological_processGO:0051124 synaptic growth at neuromuscular junction IEA
 biological_processGO:0051247 positive regulation of protein metabolic process ISS
 biological_processGO:0051402 neuron apoptotic process IMP
 biological_processGO:0051563 smooth endoplasmic reticulum calcium ion homeostasis IEA
 biological_processGO:0061890 positive regulation of astrocyte activation IGI
 biological_processGO:0070374 positive regulation of ERK1 and ERK2 cascade IGI
 biological_processGO:0071320 cellular response to cAMP IEA
 biological_processGO:0071874 cellular response to norepinephrine stimulus IEA
 biological_processGO:0090647 modulation of age-related behavioral decline TAS
 biological_processGO:0098815 modulation of excitatory postsynaptic potential IGI
 biological_processGO:0150003 regulation of spontaneous synaptic transmission IGI
 biological_processGO:1900272 negative regulation of long-term synaptic potentiation IGI
 biological_processGO:1900273 positive regulation of long-term synaptic potentiation IGI
 biological_processGO:1901224 positive regulation of NIK/NF-kappaB signaling IGI
 biological_processGO:1902004 positive regulation of amyloid-beta formation IGI
 biological_processGO:1903980 positive regulation of microglial cell activation IGI
 biological_processGO:1904646 cellular response to amyloid-beta IGI
 biological_processGO:1905908 positive regulation of amyloid fibril formation IMP
 biological_processGO:1990000 amyloid fibril formation IMP
 biological_processGO:1990090 cellular response to nerve growth factor stimulus IEA
 biological_processGO:1990535 neuron projection maintenance IGI
 biological_processGO:2000310 regulation of NMDA receptor activity TAS
 biological_processGO:2000406 positive regulation of T cell migration IMP
 cellular_componentGO:0005576 extracellular region TAS
 cellular_componentGO:0005615 extracellular space IDA
 cellular_componentGO:0005641 nuclear envelope lumen IDA
 cellular_componentGO:0005737 cytoplasm ISS
 cellular_componentGO:0005768 endosome IDA
 cellular_componentGO:0005788 endoplasmic reticulum lumen TAS
 cellular_componentGO:0005790 smooth endoplasmic reticulum IEA
 cellular_componentGO:0005791 rough endoplasmic reticulum IEA
 cellular_componentGO:0005794 Golgi apparatus ISS
 cellular_componentGO:0005796 Golgi lumen TAS
 cellular_componentGO:0005829 cytosol TAS
 cellular_componentGO:0005886 plasma membrane IDA
 cellular_componentGO:0005887 integral component of plasma membrane TAS
 cellular_componentGO:0005905 clathrin-coated pit IEA
 cellular_componentGO:0005911 cell-cell junction IEA
 cellular_componentGO:0009986 cell surface IDA
 cellular_componentGO:0016020 membrane IEA
 cellular_componentGO:0016021 integral component of membrane IEA
 cellular_componentGO:0030134 COPII-coated ER to Golgi transport vesicle IEA
 cellular_componentGO:0030424 axon ISS
 cellular_componentGO:0030426 growth cone IEA
 cellular_componentGO:0031093 platelet alpha granule lumen TAS
 cellular_componentGO:0031410 cytoplasmic vesicle IEA
 cellular_componentGO:0031594 neuromuscular junction IEA
 cellular_componentGO:0031904 endosome lumen TAS
 cellular_componentGO:0032588 trans-Golgi network membrane TAS
 cellular_componentGO:0035253 ciliary rootlet IEA
 cellular_componentGO:0043005 neuron projection IEA
 cellular_componentGO:0043195 terminal bouton IEA
 cellular_componentGO:0043197 dendritic spine IDA
 cellular_componentGO:0043198 dendritic shaft IDA
 cellular_componentGO:0043235 receptor complex IDA
 cellular_componentGO:0044304 main axon IEA
 cellular_componentGO:0045121 membrane raft IDA
 cellular_componentGO:0045177 apical part of cell IEA
 cellular_componentGO:0045202 synapse IDA
 cellular_componentGO:0048471 perinuclear region of cytoplasm IDA
 cellular_componentGO:0051233 spindle midzone IEA
 cellular_componentGO:0070062 extracellular exosome HDA
 cellular_componentGO:0097449 astrocyte projection IEA
 cellular_componentGO:1990761 growth cone lamellipodium IEA
 cellular_componentGO:1990812 growth cone filopodium IEA
 molecular_functionGO:0003677 DNA binding ISS
 molecular_functionGO:0004867 serine-type endopeptidase inhibitor activity IEA
 molecular_functionGO:0005102 signaling receptor binding IPI
 molecular_functionGO:0005515 protein binding IPI
 molecular_functionGO:0008201 heparin binding IEA
 molecular_functionGO:0016504 peptidase activator activity IEA
 molecular_functionGO:0019899 enzyme binding IPI
 molecular_functionGO:0030414 peptidase inhibitor activity IEA
 molecular_functionGO:0042802 identical protein binding IPI
 molecular_functionGO:0046872 metal ion binding IEA
 molecular_functionGO:0046914 transition metal ion binding IEA
 molecular_functionGO:0051425 PTB domain binding IPI
 molecular_functionGO:0070851 growth factor receptor binding IEA


Pathways (from Reactome)
Pathway description
Platelet degranulation
ECM proteoglycans
Regulation of Insulin-like Growth Factor (IGF) transport and uptake by Insulin-like Growth Factor Binding Proteins (IGFBPs)
G alpha (q) signalling events
G alpha (i) signalling events
Lysosome Vesicle Biogenesis
Formyl peptide receptors bind formyl peptides and many other ligands
TAK1 activates NFkB by phosphorylation and activation of IKKs complex
The NLRP3 inflammasome
Advanced glycosylation endproduct receptor signaling
Deregulated CDK5 triggers multiple neurodegenerative pathways in Alzheimers disease models
Post-translational protein phosphorylation
TRAF6 mediated NF-kB activation
Amyloid fiber formation


Phenotype (from MGI, Zfin or HPO)
IDPhenotypeDefinition Genetic BG
 HP:0000006 Autosomal dominant inheritance "A mode of inheritance that is observed for traits related to a gene encoded on one of the autosomes (i.e., the human chromosomes 1-22) in which a trait manifests in heterozygotes. In the context of medical genetics, an autosomal dominant disorder is caused when a single copy of the mutant allele is present. Males and females are affected equally, and can both transmit the disorder with a risk of 50% for each child of inheriting the mutant allele." [HPO:curators]
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 HP:0000504 Abnormality of vision "Abnormality of eyesight (visual perception)." [HPO:curators]
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 HP:0000657 Oculomotor apraxia 
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 HP:0000708 Behavioural/Psychiatric Abnormality 
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 HP:0000713 Agitation 
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 HP:0000726 Dementia 
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 HP:0000734 Disinhibition 
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 HP:0000738 Hallucinations 
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 HP:0001249 Mental retardation 
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 HP:0001250 Seizures "Seizures are an intermittent `abnormality of the central nervous system` (FMA:HP:0002011) due to a sudden, excessive, disorderly discharge of cerebral neurons and characterized clinically by some combination of disturbance of sensation, loss of consciousness, impairment of psychic function, or convulsive movements." [HPO:probinson]
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 HP:0001251 Ataxia "Ataxia is a nonspecific neurological sign and symptom consisting of gross lack of coordination of muscle movements. Ataxia is caused by dysfunction of one or more parts of the nervous system including the cerebellum, the sensory nervous system, the vestibular system, or the cerebral cortex." [HPO:curators]
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 HP:0001259 Coma 
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 HP:0001263 Developmental retardation "A delay in the achievement of motor or mental milestones manifested prior to age 18 and generally associated with lifelong mental and/or physical impairments." [HPO:curators]
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 HP:0001276 Hypertonia 
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 HP:0001288 Gait disturbance "The term gait disturbance can refer to any disruption of the ability to walk. In general, this can refer to neurological diseases but also fractures or other sources of pain that is triggered upon walking. However, in the current context gait disturbance refers to difficulty walking on the basis of a neurological or muscular disease." [HPO:curators]
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 HP:0001289 Confusion "Lack of clarity and coherence of thought, perception, understanding, or action." [HPO:curators]
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 HP:0001297 Stroke 
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 HP:0001300 Parkinsonism 
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 HP:0001336 Myoclonus "Very brief, involuntary random muscular contractions occurring at rest, in response to sensory stimuli, or accompanying voluntary movements." [HPO:curators]
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 HP:0001342 Cerebral hemorrhage "A cerebral hemorrhage (or intracerebral hemorrhage, ICH), is a type of intracranial hemorrhage that occurs within the brain tissue itself." [HPO:curators]
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 HP:0001425 Heterogeneous 
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 HP:0002015 Dysphagia "Difficulty in swallowing." [HPO:curators]
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 HP:0002076 Migraine 
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 HP:0002120 Cerebral cortical atrophy 
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 HP:0002185 Neurofibrillary tangles 
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 HP:0002315 Headache "Cephalgia, or pain in the head originating from the cerebral vault." [HPO:curators]
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 HP:0002354 Memory impairment 
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 HP:0002373 Febrile seizures "Febrile seizures are convulsions induced by a fever in infants or small children and are generally characterized by loss of consciousness and tonic-clonic movements. Most febrile seizures last a minute or two." [HPO:curators]
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 HP:0002381 Aphasia 
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 HP:0002423 Long-tract signs 
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 HP:0002463 Language impairment 
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 HP:0002511 Alzheimer disease 
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 HP:0002514 Cerebral calcification "The presence of calcification within brain structures." [HPO:curators]
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 HP:0002637 Cerebral ischemia 
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 HP:0003401 Paresthesia "Abnormal sensations such as tingling, pricking, or numbness of the skin with no apparent physical cause." [HPO:curators]
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 HP:0003474 Sensory impairment 
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 HP:0003791 Deposits immunoreactive to beta-amyloid protein 
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 HP:0004938 Tortuous cerebral arteries 
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 HP:0004968 recurrent cerebral and cerebellar hemorrhage 
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 HP:0010525 Finger agnosia "An inability or difficulty differentiating among the fingers of either hand as well as the hands of others." [HPO:curators]
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 HP:0010526 Dysgraphia "A writing disability in the absence of motor or sensory deficits of the upper extremities, resulting in an impairment in the ability to write regardless of the ability to read and not due to intellectual impairment." [HPO:curators]
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 HP:0011695 Cerebellar hemorrhage "`Hemorrhage` (MPATH:119) into the parenchyma of the cerebellum." [HPO:probinson]
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 HP:0011970 Cerebral amyloid angiopathy "Amyloid deposition in the walls of leptomeningeal and cortical arteries, arterioles, and less often capillaries and veins of the central nervous system." [HPO:probinson, pmid:21519520]
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 HP:0012433 Abnormal social behavior "An abnormality of actions or reactions of a person taking place during interactions with others." [HPO:probinson]
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 HP:0030219 Semantic dementia "A progressive loss of the ability to remember the meaning of words, faces and objects." [ICM:PCaroppo, pmid:24966676]
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 HP:0100613 Death in early adulthood 
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 HP:0410054 Decreased level of GABA in serum "A decrease in the level of GABA in the serum." [PMID:1485027]
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Interacting proteins (from Reactome)
Interactor ID Name Interaction type
 ENSG00000100478 AP4S1 / Q9Y587 / adaptor related protein complex 4 sigma 1 subunit  / complex / reaction
 ENSG00000205155 PSENEN / Q9NZ42 / presenilin enhancer gamma-secretase subunit  / reaction
 ENSG00000117362 APH1A / Q96BI3 / aph-1 homolog A, gamma-secretase subunit  / reaction
 ENSG00000134262 AP4B1 / Q9Y6B7 / adaptor related protein complex 4 beta 1 subunit  / complex / reaction
 ENSG00000138613 APH1B / Q8WW43 / aph-1 homolog B, gamma-secretase subunit  / reaction
 ENSG00000137845 ADAM10 / O14672 / ADAM metallopeptidase domain 10  / reaction
 ENSG00000081014 AP4E1 / Q9UPM8 / adaptor related protein complex 4 epsilon 1 subunit  / complex / reaction
 ENSG00000137642 SORL1 / Q92673 / sortilin related receptor 1  / reaction / complex
 ENSG00000186318 BACE1 / P56817 / beta-secretase 1  / reaction
 ENSG00000162736 NCSTN / Q92542 / nicastrin  / reaction
 ENSG00000162711 NLRP3 / Q96P20 / NLR family pyrin domain containing 3  / - / complex
 ENSG00000103490 PYCARD / Q9ULZ3 / PYD and CARD domain containing  / reaction / complex
 ENSG00000165416 SUGT1 / Q9Y2Z0 / SGT1 homolog, MIS12 kinetochore complex assembly cochaperone  / complex / -
 ENSG00000188157 AGRN / agrin / O00468  / complex / reaction
 ENSG00000096384 P08238 / HSP90AB1 / heat shock protein 90 alpha family class B member 1  / - / complex
 ENSG00000142192 APP / P05067 / amyloid beta precursor protein  / - / reaction
 ENSG00000137752 CASP1 / P29466 / caspase 1  / complex / reaction
 ENSG00000221838 AP4M1 / O00189 / adaptor related protein complex 4 mu 1 subunit  / reaction / complex






 

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