ENSG00000171862


Homo sapiens

Features
Gene ID: ENSG00000171862
  
Biological name :PTEN
  
Synonyms : P60484 / phosphatase and tensin homolog / PTEN
  
Possible biological names infered from orthology :
  
Species: Homo sapiens
  
Chr. number: 10
Strand: 1
Band: q23.31
Gene start: 87863113
Gene end: 87971930
  
Corresponding Affymetrix probe sets: 204053_x_at (Human Genome U133 Plus 2.0 Array)   204054_at (Human Genome U133 Plus 2.0 Array)   211711_s_at (Human Genome U133 Plus 2.0 Array)   217492_s_at (Human Genome U133 Plus 2.0 Array)   225363_at (Human Genome U133 Plus 2.0 Array)   227469_at (Human Genome U133 Plus 2.0 Array)   228006_at (Human Genome U133 Plus 2.0 Array)   233254_x_at (Human Genome U133 Plus 2.0 Array)   240964_at (Human Genome U133 Plus 2.0 Array)   242622_x_at (Human Genome U133 Plus 2.0 Array)   
  
Cross references: Ensembl peptide - ENSP00000483066
Ensembl peptide - ENSP00000361021
NCBI entrez gene - 5728     See in Manteia.
OMIM - 601728
RefSeq - NM_000314
RefSeq - NM_001304717
RefSeq - NM_001304718
RefSeq Peptide - NP_001291647
RefSeq Peptide - NP_000305
RefSeq Peptide - NP_001291646
swissprot - P60484
swissprot - F6KD01
swissprot - A0A087X033
Ensembl - ENSG00000171862
  
Related genetic diseases (OMIM): 153480 - Bannayan-Riley-Ruvalcaba syndrome, 153480
  158350 - Cowden syndrome 1, 158350
  608089 - Endometrial carcinoma, somatic, 608089
  605309 - Macrocephaly/autism syndrome, 605309
  155600 - Malignant melanoma, somatic, 155600
  601728 - PTEN hamartoma tumor syndrome
  275355 - Squamous cell carcinoma, head and neck, somatic, 275355
  276950 - VATER association with macrocephaly and ventriculomegaly, 276950
  613028 - {Glioma susceptibility 2}, 613028
  607174 - {Meningioma}, 607174
  176807 - {Prostate cancer, somatic}, 176807
See expression report in BioGPS
See gene description in Wikigenes
See gene description in GeneCards
See co-cited genes in PubMed


Ortholog prediction (from Ensembl)
Ortholog nameID Species
 ptenaENSDARG00000071018Danio rerio
 ptenbENSDARG00000056623Danio rerio
 PTENENSGALG00000003634Gallus gallus
 PtenENSMUSG00000013663Mus musculus


Paralog prediction (from Ensembl)
Paralog nameIDSimilarity(%)
TPTE2 / Q6XPS3 / transmembrane phosphoinositide 3-phosphatase and tensin homolog 2ENSG0000013295832
TPTE / P56180 / transmembrane phosphatase with tensin homologyENSG0000027439131
TNS1 / Q9HBL0 / tensin 1ENSG0000007930829
TNS2 / Q63HR2 / tensin 2ENSG0000011107726
TNS3 / Q68CZ2 / tensin 3ENSG0000013620526
GAK / O14976 / cyclin G associated kinaseENSG0000017895021
DNAJC6 / O75061 / DnaJ heat shock protein family (Hsp40) member C6ENSG0000011667520
TNS4 / Q8IZW8 / tensin 4ENSG000001317469


Protein motifs (from Interpro)
Interpro ID Name
 IPR000340  Dual specificity phosphatase, catalytic domain
 IPR003595  Protein-tyrosine phosphatase, catalytic
 IPR014020  Tensin phosphatase, C2 domain
 IPR016130  Protein-tyrosine phosphatase, active site
 IPR017361  Bifunctional phosphatidylinositol trisphosphate phosphatase/dual specificity phosphatase PTEN
 IPR029021  Protein-tyrosine phosphatase-like
 IPR029023  Tensin-type phosphatase domain
 IPR035892  C2 domain superfamily


Gene Ontology (GO)
TypeGO IDTermEv.Code
 biological_processGO:0000079 regulation of cyclin-dependent protein serine/threonine kinase activity TAS
 biological_processGO:0001525 angiogenesis IEA
 biological_processGO:0001933 negative regulation of protein phosphorylation ISS
 biological_processGO:0002902 regulation of B cell apoptotic process IEA
 biological_processGO:0006470 protein dephosphorylation TAS
 biological_processGO:0006629 lipid metabolic process IEA
 biological_processGO:0006661 phosphatidylinositol biosynthetic process TAS
 biological_processGO:0006915 apoptotic process IEA
 biological_processGO:0007270 neuron-neuron synaptic transmission ISS
 biological_processGO:0007399 nervous system development IEA
 biological_processGO:0007416 synapse assembly ISS
 biological_processGO:0007417 central nervous system development ISS
 biological_processGO:0007507 heart development IEA
 biological_processGO:0007568 aging IEA
 biological_processGO:0007584 response to nutrient IEA
 biological_processGO:0007611 learning or memory ISS
 biological_processGO:0007613 memory IEA
 biological_processGO:0007626 locomotory behavior ISS
 biological_processGO:0008283 cell proliferation TAS
 biological_processGO:0008284 positive regulation of cell proliferation IEA
 biological_processGO:0008285 negative regulation of cell proliferation IMP
 biological_processGO:0009749 response to glucose IEA
 biological_processGO:0010033 response to organic substance IEA
 biological_processGO:0010035 response to inorganic substance IEA
 biological_processGO:0010043 response to zinc ion IEA
 biological_processGO:0010628 positive regulation of gene expression IEA
 biological_processGO:0010666 positive regulation of cardiac muscle cell apoptotic process IEA
 biological_processGO:0010719 negative regulation of epithelial to mesenchymal transition IMP
 biological_processGO:0010975 regulation of neuron projection development ISS
 biological_processGO:0014067 negative regulation of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase signaling TAS
 biological_processGO:0014070 response to organic cyclic compound IEA
 biological_processGO:0014823 response to activity IEA
 biological_processGO:0016311 dephosphorylation IEA
 biological_processGO:0016477 cell migration IEA
 biological_processGO:0016579 protein deubiquitination TAS
 biological_processGO:0021542 dentate gyrus development ISS
 biological_processGO:0021955 central nervous system neuron axonogenesis ISS
 biological_processGO:0030336 negative regulation of cell migration IMP
 biological_processGO:0030534 adult behavior IEA
 biological_processGO:0031175 neuron projection development IEA
 biological_processGO:0031642 negative regulation of myelination IEA
 biological_processGO:0031647 regulation of protein stability IMP
 biological_processGO:0031658 negative regulation of cyclin-dependent protein serine/threonine kinase activity involved in G1/S transition of mitotic cell cycle IDA
 biological_processGO:0032228 regulation of synaptic transmission, GABAergic IEA
 biological_processGO:0032286 central nervous system myelin maintenance ISS
 biological_processGO:0032355 response to estradiol IEA
 biological_processGO:0032535 regulation of cellular component size ISS
 biological_processGO:0032869 cellular response to insulin stimulus IEA
 biological_processGO:0033032 regulation of myeloid cell apoptotic process IEA
 biological_processGO:0033198 response to ATP IEA
 biological_processGO:0033555 multicellular organismal response to stress ISS
 biological_processGO:0035176 social behavior ISS
 biological_processGO:0035335 peptidyl-tyrosine dephosphorylation IEA
 biological_processGO:0036294 cellular response to decreased oxygen levels IEA
 biological_processGO:0042493 response to drug IEA
 biological_processGO:0042711 maternal behavior IEA
 biological_processGO:0043065 positive regulation of apoptotic process IEA
 biological_processGO:0043066 negative regulation of apoptotic process IEA
 biological_processGO:0043491 protein kinase B signaling ISS
 biological_processGO:0043542 endothelial cell migration IEA
 biological_processGO:0043647 inositol phosphate metabolic process TAS
 biological_processGO:0044320 cellular response to leptin stimulus IEA
 biological_processGO:0045471 response to ethanol IEA
 biological_processGO:0045475 locomotor rhythm ISS
 biological_processGO:0045666 positive regulation of neuron differentiation IEA
 biological_processGO:0045792 negative regulation of cell size ISS
 biological_processGO:0046621 negative regulation of organ growth ISS
 biological_processGO:0046685 response to arsenic-containing substance IEA
 biological_processGO:0046855 inositol phosphate dephosphorylation IDA
 biological_processGO:0046856 phosphatidylinositol dephosphorylation IMP
 biological_processGO:0048008 platelet-derived growth factor receptor signaling pathway IEA
 biological_processGO:0048679 regulation of axon regeneration IEA
 biological_processGO:0048681 negative regulation of axon regeneration IEA
 biological_processGO:0048738 cardiac muscle tissue development IEA
 biological_processGO:0048853 forebrain morphogenesis ISS
 biological_processGO:0048854 brain morphogenesis ISS
 biological_processGO:0050680 negative regulation of epithelial cell proliferation IEA
 biological_processGO:0050765 negative regulation of phagocytosis IEA
 biological_processGO:0050771 negative regulation of axonogenesis ISS
 biological_processGO:0050821 protein stabilization IDA
 biological_processGO:0051091 positive regulation of DNA-binding transcription factor activity IMP
 biological_processGO:0051548 negative regulation of keratinocyte migration IMP
 biological_processGO:0051726 regulation of cell cycle IEA
 biological_processGO:0051895 negative regulation of focal adhesion assembly IMP
 biological_processGO:0051898 negative regulation of protein kinase B signaling TAS
 biological_processGO:0060024 rhythmic synaptic transmission ISS
 biological_processGO:0060044 negative regulation of cardiac muscle cell proliferation IEA
 biological_processGO:0060070 canonical Wnt signaling pathway IDA
 biological_processGO:0060074 synapse maturation ISS
 biological_processGO:0060134 prepulse inhibition ISS
 biological_processGO:0060179 male mating behavior IEA
 biological_processGO:0060291 long-term synaptic potentiation IEA
 biological_processGO:0060292 long term synaptic depression IEA
 biological_processGO:0060341 regulation of cellular localization IEA
 biological_processGO:0060736 prostate gland growth IEA
 biological_processGO:0060997 dendritic spine morphogenesis ISS
 biological_processGO:0061002 negative regulation of dendritic spine morphogenesis ISS
 biological_processGO:0070373 negative regulation of ERK1 and ERK2 cascade IMP
 biological_processGO:0070374 positive regulation of ERK1 and ERK2 cascade IEA
 biological_processGO:0071257 cellular response to electrical stimulus IMP
 biological_processGO:0071361 cellular response to ethanol IEA
 biological_processGO:0071456 cellular response to hypoxia IEA
 biological_processGO:0090071 negative regulation of ribosome biogenesis IEA
 biological_processGO:0090344 negative regulation of cell aging IEA
 biological_processGO:0090394 negative regulation of excitatory postsynaptic potential ISS
 biological_processGO:0097105 presynaptic membrane assembly ISS
 biological_processGO:0097107 postsynaptic density assembly ISS
 biological_processGO:1901017 negative regulation of potassium ion transmembrane transporter activity IEA
 biological_processGO:1903690 negative regulation of wound healing, spreading of epidermal cells IMP
 biological_processGO:1903984 positive regulation of TRAIL-activated apoptotic signaling pathway IMP
 biological_processGO:1904668 positive regulation of ubiquitin protein ligase activity IDA
 biological_processGO:1990090 cellular response to nerve growth factor stimulus IEA
 biological_processGO:1990314 cellular response to insulin-like growth factor stimulus IEA
 biological_processGO:2000060 positive regulation of ubiquitin-dependent protein catabolic process IDA
 biological_processGO:2000134 negative regulation of G1/S transition of mitotic cell cycle IDA
 biological_processGO:2000272 negative regulation of signaling receptor activity IEA
 biological_processGO:2000463 positive regulation of excitatory postsynaptic potential ISS
 biological_processGO:2000808 negative regulation of synaptic vesicle clustering ISS
 biological_processGO:2001235 positive regulation of apoptotic signaling pathway IEA
 cellular_componentGO:0005576 extracellular region IEA
 cellular_componentGO:0005634 nucleus IEA
 cellular_componentGO:0005654 nucleoplasm TAS
 cellular_componentGO:0005737 cytoplasm TAS
 cellular_componentGO:0005739 mitochondrion IEA
 cellular_componentGO:0005829 cytosol IEA
 cellular_componentGO:0005886 plasma membrane IDA
 cellular_componentGO:0009898 cytoplasmic side of plasma membrane IDA
 cellular_componentGO:0016324 apical plasma membrane IMP
 cellular_componentGO:0016605 PML body IEA
 cellular_componentGO:0035749 myelin sheath adaxonal region ISS
 cellular_componentGO:0042995 cell projection IDA
 cellular_componentGO:0043005 neuron projection ISS
 cellular_componentGO:0043197 dendritic spine IEA
 cellular_componentGO:0043220 Schmidt-Lanterman incisure ISS
 cellular_componentGO:0045211 postsynaptic membrane IEA
 molecular_functionGO:0000287 magnesium ion binding IEA
 molecular_functionGO:0004438 phosphatidylinositol-3-phosphatase activity IDA
 molecular_functionGO:0004721 phosphoprotein phosphatase activity IDA
 molecular_functionGO:0004722 protein serine/threonine phosphatase activity IDA
 molecular_functionGO:0004725 protein tyrosine phosphatase activity IDA
 molecular_functionGO:0005161 platelet-derived growth factor receptor binding IEA
 molecular_functionGO:0005515 protein binding IPI
 molecular_functionGO:0008138 protein tyrosine/serine/threonine phosphatase activity IEA
 molecular_functionGO:0008289 lipid binding IEA
 molecular_functionGO:0010997 anaphase-promoting complex binding IPI
 molecular_functionGO:0016314 phosphatidylinositol-3,4,5-trisphosphate 3-phosphatase activity TAS
 molecular_functionGO:0016787 hydrolase activity IEA
 molecular_functionGO:0019899 enzyme binding IPI
 molecular_functionGO:0019901 protein kinase binding IEA
 molecular_functionGO:0030165 PDZ domain binding IPI
 molecular_functionGO:0035255 ionotropic glutamate receptor binding IEA
 molecular_functionGO:0042802 identical protein binding IPI
 molecular_functionGO:0051717 inositol-1,3,4,5-tetrakisphosphate 3-phosphatase activity TAS
 molecular_functionGO:0051800 phosphatidylinositol-3,4-bisphosphate 3-phosphatase activity TAS
 molecular_functionGO:1990381 ubiquitin-specific protease binding IPI
 molecular_functionGO:1990782 protein tyrosine kinase binding IEA


Pathways (from Reactome)
Pathway description
Synthesis of PIPs at the plasma membrane
Synthesis of IP3 and IP4 in the cytosol
Negative regulation of the PI3K/AKT network
Downstream TCR signaling
TP53 Regulates Metabolic Genes
PTEN Loss of Function in Cancer
Ub-specific processing proteases
Ovarian tumor domain proteases
Regulation of PTEN mRNA translation
Regulation of PTEN localization
Regulation of PTEN stability and activity


Phenotype (from MGI, Zfin or HPO)
IDPhenotypeDefinition Genetic BG
 HP:0000006 Autosomal dominant inheritance "A mode of inheritance that is observed for traits related to a gene encoded on one of the autosomes (i.e., the human chromosomes 1-22) in which a trait manifests in heterozygotes. In the context of medical genetics, an autosomal dominant disorder is caused when a single copy of the mutant allele is present. Males and females are affected equally, and can both transmit the disorder with a risk of 50% for each child of inheriting the mutant allele." [HPO:curators]
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 HP:0000007 Autosomal recessive inheritance "A mode of inheritance that is observed for traits related to a gene encoded on one of the autosomes (i.e., the human chromosomes 1-22) in which a trait manifests in homozygotes. In the context of medical genetics, autosomal recessive disorders manifest in homozygotes (with two copies of the mutant allele) or compound heterozygotes (whereby each copy of a gene has a distinct mutant allele)." [HPO:curators]
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 HP:0000034 Hydrocele 
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 HP:0000036 Abnormality of the penis 
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 HP:0000040 Enlarged penis 
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 HP:0000053 Macroorchidism "The presence of abnormally large testes." [HPO:curators]
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 HP:0000089 Renal hypoplasia 
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 HP:0000098 Increased body height 
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 HP:0000107 Renal cysts 
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 HP:0000138 Ovarian cysts 
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 HP:0000147 polycystic ovaries 
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 HP:0000158 Macroglossia "Increased length and width of the tongue." [pmid:19125428]
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 HP:0000160 Microstomia "The presence of an abnormally small `mouth` (FMA:49184)." [HPO:curators]
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 HP:0000189 Narrow palate "Width of the palate more than 2 SD below the mean (objective) or apparently decreased palatal width (subjective)." [pmid:19125428]
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 HP:0000218 High palate "Height of the palate more than 2 SD above the mean (objective) or palatal height at the level of the first permanent molar more than twice the height of the teeth (subjective)." [pmid:19125428]
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 HP:0000221 Furrowed tongue "Accentuation of the grooves on the dorsal surface of the tongue." [pmid:19125428]
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 HP:0000238 Hydrocephalus 
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 HP:0000256 Macrocephaly "The presence of an abnormally large `skull` (FMA:46565)." [HPO:probinson]
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 HP:0000268 Dolichocephaly 
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 HP:0000276 Long face 
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 HP:0000303 Mandibular prognathia "Abnormal prominence of the chin related to an abnormally long mandible." [HPO:curators]
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 HP:0000311 Round face "An unusually round appearance of the face." [HPO:curators]
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 HP:0000316 Hypertelorism 
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 HP:0000324 Facial asymmetry 
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 HP:0000327 Hypoplasia of the maxilla "Underdevelopment of the `Maxilla` (FMA:9711)." [HPO:probinson]
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 HP:0000337 Broad forehead "Abnormally large side-to-side distance of the forehead." [HPO:curators]
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 HP:0000343 Long philtrum 
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 HP:0000347 Mandibular hypoplasia "Underdevelopment of the mandible." [HPO:curators]
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 HP:0000365 Hearing loss 
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 HP:0000369 Low-set ears "Low-set ears are defined to be set below an arbitrary line drawn between the lateral canthus of the eye and the occipital protruberance." [HPO:curators]
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 HP:0000400 Large ears 
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 HP:0000445 Broad nose 
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 HP:0000463 Nares, anteverted "Anteriorly-facing nostrils viewed with the head in the Frankfurt horizontal and the eyes of the observer level with the eyes of the subject." [pmid:19152422]
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 HP:0000464 Abnormality of the neck 
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 HP:0000478 Abnormality of the eyes "Any abnormality of the `eyes` (FMA:54448), including location, spacing, and intraocular abnormalities." [HPO:curators]
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 HP:0000486 Strabismus "Strabismus (also known as squint) is a condition in which the eyes are not properly aligned with each other." [HPO:curators]
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 HP:0000494 Downward slanting palpebral fissures 
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 HP:0000508 Ptosis "Drooping of the eyelid." [HPO:curators]
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 HP:0000518 Cataract "A cataract is an opacity or clouding that develops in the crystalline `lens` (FMA:58241) of the eye or in its `capsule` (FMA:58881)." [HPO:probinson]
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 HP:0000520 Proptosis 
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 HP:0000538 Pseudopapilledema 
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 HP:0000541 Detached retina 
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 HP:0000545 Myopia 
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 HP:0000557 Buphthalmos "Buphthalmos refers to a congenital open-angle glaucoma of the eye. The term buphthalmos (from Greek bous or ox and ophthalmos or eye) is descriptive of an enlarged eyeglobe resulting from increased intraocular pressure. The eyeglobe is especially prone to distension in newborns and infants because its collagen filaments are not as rigid as in adults and may easily be stretched." [HPO:curators]
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 HP:0000567 Chorioretinal coloboma 
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 HP:0000587 Abnormality of the optic nerve "Abnormality of the optic nerve (also known as cranial nerve II), which transmits visual information from the retina to the brain." [HPO:curators]
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 HP:0000615 Abnormality of the pupils 
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 HP:0000646 Amblyopia "Reduced visual acuity that is uncorrectable by lenses in the absence of detectable anatomic defects in the eye or visual pathways. Ambylopia can result from visual deprivation during the critical period of development of visual abilities which lasts to about the age of 8 years. Thus, ambylopia can result from strabismus, anisometropia, or high hypermetropia in there is a failure to form a focused image in one or both eyes." [HPO:curators]
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 HP:0000670 Carious teeth 
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 HP:0000682 Abnormality of dental enamel "An abnormality of the dental enamel, which is the external layer of the teeth, being a highly mineralized substance consisting primarily of hydroxylapatite." [HPO:curators]
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 HP:0000717 Autism 
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 HP:0000750 Impaired language development 
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 HP:0000767 Pectus excavatum "A defect of the chest wall characterized by a depression of the sternum, giving the chest ("pectus") a caved-in ("excavatum") appearance." [HPO:curators]
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 HP:0000771 Gynecomastia 
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 HP:0000821 Hypothyroidism 
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 HP:0000828 Abnormality of the parathyroid glands "An abnormality of the parathyroid glands, which are small endocrine glands in the neck that produce parathyroid hormone." [HPO:curators]
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 HP:0000836 Hyperthyroidism "Hyperthyroidism refers to excessive secretion of thyroid hormone." [HPO:curators]
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 HP:0000853 Goiter "An enlargement of the thyroid gland." [HPO:curators]
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 HP:0000854 Thyroid adenoma 
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 HP:0000872 Hashimoto thyroiditis 
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 HP:0000873 Diabetes insipidus "A state of excessive water intake and hypotonic (dilute) polyuria. Diabetes insipidus may be due to failure of vasopressin (AVP) release (central or neurogenic diabetes insipidus) or to a failure of the kidney to respond to AVP (nephrogenic diabetes insipidus)." [HPO:curators]
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 HP:0000925 Abnormality of the vertebral column "Any abnormality of the spine (vertebral column)." [HPO:curators]
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 HP:0000956 Acanthosis nigricans 
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 HP:0000957 Cafe-au-lait spots 
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 HP:0000965 Cutis marmorata 
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 HP:0000972 Palmoplantar hyperkeratosis "`Hyperkeratosis` (HP:0000962) affecting the palm of the hand and the sole of the foot." [HPO:probinson]
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 HP:0000982 Palmoplantar keratoderma 
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 HP:0000995 Pigmented nevi "The presence of increased numbers of pigmented nevi, that is, of small, dark spots on the skin. Pigmented nevi are also known as melanocytic nevi or moles." [HPO:curators]
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 HP:0001004 Lymphedema 
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 HP:0001009 Telangiectasia "Telangiectasias refer to small dilated blood vessels located near the surface of the skin or mucous membranes, measuring between 0.5 and 1 millimeter in diameter." [HPO:curators]
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 HP:0001012 Lipomas "The presence of multiple lipomas (a type of benign tissue made of fatty tissue)." [HPO:curators]
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 HP:0001014 Angiokeratoma 
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 HP:0001028 Hemangiomas "The presence of multiple hemangiomas. A hemangioma is a benign tumor characterized by blood-filled spaces lined by benign endothelial cells. A hemangioma characterized by large endothelial spaces (caverns) is called a cavernous hemangioma (in contrast to a hemangioma with small endothelial spaces, which is called capillary hemangioma)." [HPO:curators]
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 HP:0001031 Subcutaneous lipomas 
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 HP:0001048 Cavernous hemangioma "The presence of a cavernous hemangioma. A hemangioma characterized by large endothelial spaces (caverns) is called a cavernous hemangioma." [HPO:curators]
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 HP:0001053 Hypopigmented skin patches 
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 HP:0001054 Numerous nevi 
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 HP:0001062 Atypical nevi (>5mm with irregular edge and pigmentation) 
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 HP:0001074 Atypical nevi often present in non-sun exposed areas 
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 HP:0001100 Heterochromia iridis "Heterochromia iridis is a difference in the color of the iris in the two eyes." [HPO:curators]
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 HP:0001102 Angioid streaks 
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 HP:0001140 Epibulbar dermoids "An epibulbar dermoid is a benign tumor typically found at the junction of the cornea and sclera (limbal epibullar dermoid)." [HPO:curators]
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 HP:0001156 Brachydactyly 
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 HP:0001161 Polydactyly (hands) 
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 HP:0001163 Abnormality of the metacarpal bones 
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 HP:0001249 Mental retardation 
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 HP:0001250 Seizures "Seizures are an intermittent `abnormality of the central nervous system` (FMA:HP:0002011) due to a sudden, excessive, disorderly discharge of cerebral neurons and characterized clinically by some combination of disturbance of sensation, loss of consciousness, impairment of psychic function, or convulsive movements." [HPO:probinson]
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 HP:0001251 Ataxia "Ataxia is a nonspecific neurological sign and symptom consisting of gross lack of coordination of muscle movements. Ataxia is caused by dysfunction of one or more parts of the nervous system including the cerebellum, the sensory nervous system, the vestibular system, or the cerebral cortex." [HPO:curators]
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 HP:0001252 Muscular hypotonia "Muscular hypotonia is an abnormally low muscle tone (the amount of tension or resistance to movement in a muscle), often involving reduced muscle strength. Hypotonia is characterized by a diminished resistance to passive stretching." [HPO:curators]
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 HP:0001256 Mental retardation, mild "Mild mental retardation is defined as an intelligence quotient (IQ) in the range of 50-69." [HPO:curators]
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 HP:0001263 Developmental retardation "A delay in the achievement of motor or mental milestones manifested prior to age 18 and generally associated with lifelong mental and/or physical impairments." [HPO:curators]
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 HP:0001290 Generalized hypotonia "Generalized muscular hypotonia (abnormally low muscle tone)." [HPO:curators]
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 HP:0001334 Communicating hydrocephalus 
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 HP:0001363 Craniosynostosis "Craniosynostosis refers to the premature closure of the cranial sutures. Primary craniosynostosis refers to the closure of one or more sutures due to abnormalities in skull development, and secondary craniosynostosis results from failure of brain growth." [HPO:curators]
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 HP:0001382 Joint hypermobility "The ability of a joint to move beyond its normal range of motion." [HPO:curators]
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 HP:0001387 Joint stiffness "Joint stiffness is a perceived sensation of tightness in a joint or joints when attempting to move them after a period of inactivity. Joint stiffness typically subsides over time." [HPO:curators]
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 HP:0001482 Subcutaneous nodules 
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 HP:0001508 Failure to thrive 
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 HP:0001513 Obesity "A status with BODY WEIGHT that is grossly above the acceptable or desirable weight, usually due to accumulation of excess FATS in the body. The standards may vary with age, sex, genetic or cultural background. In the BODY MASS INDEX, a BMI greater than 30.0 kg/m2 is considered obese, and a BMI greater than 40.0 kg/m2 is considered morbidly obese (MORBID OBESITY)." [MeSH:D009765]
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 HP:0001519 Dolichostenomelia "A tall and slim body build with increased arm span to height ratio (>1.05) and a reduced upper-to-lower segment ratio (<0.85), i.e., unusually long arms and legs. The extremities as well as the hands and feet are unusually slim." [HPO:curators]
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 HP:0001555 Asymmetry of the thorax "Lack of symmetry of the thorax." [HPO:curators]
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 HP:0001597 Abnormality of the nails "Abnormality of the fingernails or toenails." [HPO:curators]
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 HP:0001627 Cardiac abnormality "An abnormality of the `heart` (FMA:7088)." [HPO:probinson]
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 HP:0001635 Congestive heart failure "The presence of an abnormality of cardiac function that is responsible for the failure of the heart to pump blood at a rate that is commensurate with the needs of the tissues or a state in which abnormally elevated filling pressures are required for the heart to do so. Heart failure is frequently related to a defect in myocardial contraction." [HPO:curators]
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 HP:0001645 Sudden cardiac death 
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 HP:0001681 Angina pectoris 
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 HP:0001744 Splenomegaly "An abnormal enlargement of the spleen." [HPO:curators]
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 HP:0001822 Hallux valgus "Lateral deviation of the great toe (i.e., in the direction of the little toe)." [HPO:curators]
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 HP:0001883 Talipes 
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 HP:0001933 Subcutaneous hemorrhage 
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 HP:0001939 Metabolism abnormality 
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 HP:0001943 Hypoglycemia "A lower than normal level of blood glucose." [HPO:curators]
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 HP:0002007 Frontal bossing "The presence of an unusually prominent forehead." [HPO:curators]
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 HP:0002017 Nausea and vomiting 
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 HP:0002023 Anal atresia "Congenital absence of the anus, i.e., the opening at the bottom end of the intestinal tract." [HPO:curators]
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 HP:0002080 Intention tremor "An oscillatory cerebellar ataxia that tends to be absent when the limbs are inactive and during the first part of voluntary movement but worsening as the movement continues and greater precision is required (e.g., in touching a target such as the patient s nose or a physician s finger)." [HPO:curators]
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 HP:0002093 Respiratory insufficiency 
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 HP:0002101 Abnormal lung lobation "Defects in the formation of pulmonary lobules." [HPO:curators]
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 HP:0002126 Polymicrogyria "A congenital abnormality of the cerebral hemisphere characterized by an excessive number of small gyri (convolutions) on the surface of the brain." [HPO:curators]
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 HP:0002167 Neurological speech impairment 
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 HP:0002170 Intracranial hemorrhage "A hemorrhage (bleeding) occuring within the skull." [HPO:curators]
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 HP:0002194 Delayed gross motor development 
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 HP:0002204 Pulmonary embolism 
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 HP:0002230 Generalized hirsutism "Abnormally increased hair growth over much of the entire body." [HPO:curators]
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 HP:0002250 Abnormality of the large intestine "Any abnormality of the large intestine, which consists of the cecum and colon." [HPO:curators]
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 HP:0002253 Colon diverticula 
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 HP:0002282 Heterotopia 
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 HP:0002315 Headache "Cephalgia, or pain in the head originating from the cerebral vault." [HPO:curators]
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 HP:0002410 Aqueductal stenosis "Stenosis of the cerebral aqueduct (also known as the mesencephalic duct, aqueductus mesencephali, or aqueduct of Sylvius), which connects the third cerebral ventricle in the diencephalon to the fourth ventricle, which is between the pons and cerebellum." [HPO:curators]
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 HP:0002516 Increased intracranial pressure 
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 HP:0002558 Supernumerary nipples 
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 HP:0002573 Hematochezia 
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 HP:0002576 Intussusception 
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 HP:0002597 Abnormality of the vasculature 
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 HP:0002650 Scoliosis "The presence of an abnormal lateral curvature of the spine." [HPO:curators]
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 HP:0002652 Skeletal dysplasia 
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 HP:0002665 Lymphoma "A cancer originating in lymphocytes and presenting as a solid tumor of lymhpoid cells." [HPO:curators]
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 HP:0002719 Recurrent infections 
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 HP:0002750 Delayed skeletal maturation "A decreased rate of skeletal maturation. Delayed skeletal maturation can be diagnosed on the basis of an estimation of the bone age from radiographs of specific bones in the human body." [HPO:curators]
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 HP:0002757 Recurrent fractures "The repeated occurence of bone fractures (implying an abnormally increased tendency for fracture)." [HPO:curators]
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 HP:0002808 Kyphosis 
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 HP:0002816 Genu recurvatum 
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 HP:0002827 Dislocated hips 
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 HP:0002858 Meningioma 
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 HP:0002860 Squamous cell carcinoma 
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 HP:0002861 Malignant melanoma "A malignant skin tumor of originating from melanocytes, pigment cells normally present in the epidermis and sometimes in the dermis." [HPO:curators]
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 HP:0002878 Early respiratory failure 
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 HP:0002890 Thyroid carcinoma 
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 HP:0002894 Pancreatic cancer 
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 HP:0003002 Breast cancer 
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 HP:0003019 Abnormality of the wrist "Abnormalitly of the wrist, the structure connecting the hand and the forearm." [HPO:curators]
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 HP:0003196 Nasal hypoplasia "Underdevelopment of the `nose` (FMA:46472)." [HPO:probinson]
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 HP:0003198 Myopathy 
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 HP:0003199 Decreased muscle mass 
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 HP:0003202 Amyotrophy "The presence of muscular atrophy (which is also known as amyotrophy)." [HPO:curators]
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 HP:0003312 Abnormal form of the vertebral bodies 
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 HP:0003468 Abnormalities of the vertebrae 
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 HP:0003517 Birth length greater than 97th percentile 
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 HP:0003581 Onset in adulthood 
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 HP:0003621 Juvenile onset 
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 HP:0003715 Muscle biopsy shows myofibrillar myopathy 
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 HP:0003764 Abnormal or excess nevi 
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 HP:0003826 Stillborn or neonatal death 
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 HP:0004059 Radial club 
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 HP:0004099 Macrodactyly 
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 HP:0004209 Clinodactyly of the 5th finger "Clinodactyly refers to a bending or curvature of the `fifth finger` (FMA:24949) in the radial direction (i.e., towards the 4th finger)." [HPO:curators]
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 HP:0004322 Decreased body height "A height below that which is expected according to age and gender norms. Although there is no universally accepted definition of short stature, many refer to "short stature" as height more than 2 standard deviations below the mean for age and gender (or below the 3rd percentile for age and gender dependent norms)." [HPO:curators]
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 HP:0004326 Cachexia 
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 HP:0004349 Reduced bone mineral density "A reduction of bone mineral density, that is, of the amount of matter per cubic centimeter of bones." [HPO:curators]
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 HP:0004374 Hemiplegia/hemiparesis "Loss of strength in the arm, leg, and sometimes face on one side of the body. Hemiplegia refers to a severe or complete loss of strength, whereas hemiparesis refers to a relatively mild loss of strength." [HPO:curators]
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 HP:0004390 Hamartomatous polyps "Polyp-like protrusions which are histologically hamartomas. These can occur throughout the gastrointestine. Patients with Cowden-Syndrom for example often have multpile hamartomatous gastrointestinal polyps." [HPO:curators]
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 HP:0004418 Thrombophlebitis 
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 HP:0004420 Arterial thrombosis 
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 HP:0004422 Biparietal narrowing "A narrowing of the biparietal diameter (i.e., of the transverse distance between the protuberances of the two parietal bones of the skull)." [HPO:curators]
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 HP:0004481 Macrocephaly, progressive "The progressive development of an abnormally large skull." [HPO:curators]
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 HP:0004490 Calvarial hyperostosis "Excessive growth of the calvarial bone." [HPO:curators]
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 HP:0004942 Aortic aneurysms 
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 HP:0005280 Depressed nasal root and bridge 
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 HP:0005293 Frequent early-onset venous insufficiency 
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 HP:0005306 Capillary hemangiomas "The presence of a capillary hemangiomas, which are hemangiomas with small endothelial spaces." [HPO:curators]
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 HP:0005374 Cellular immunodeficiency 
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 HP:0005490 Macrocephaly, postnatal "The postnatal development of an abnormally large skull (macrocephaly)." [HPO:curators]
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 HP:0005584 Renal cell carcinoma "Renal cell carcinoma (also known as hypernephroma) is the most common form of kidney cancer arising from the proximal renal tubule. The tissue of origin for renal cell carcinoma is the proximal renal tubular epithelium. Renal cell carcinoma can be classified as 1) clear cell carcinoma, 2) papillary carcinoma, 3) chromophobe renal carcinoma, and 4) collecting duct carcinoma." [HPO:curators]
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 HP:0005595 Hyperkeratosis, generalized 
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 HP:0005692 Joint hyperflexibility 
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 HP:0006101 Finger syndactyly "Webbing or fusion of the fingers, involving soft parts only or including bone structure. Bony fusions are revered to as "bony" Syndactyly if the fusion occurs in a radio-ulnar axis. Fusions of bones of the fingers in a proximo-distal axis are refered to as "Symphalangism"." [HPO:curators]
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 HP:0006731 Follicular thyroid carcinoma 
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 HP:0006740 Transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder 
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 HP:0006824 Cranial nerve paralysis 
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 HP:0007074 Thick corpus callosum 
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 HP:0007392 Excessive wrinkled skin 
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 HP:0007400 Irregular hyperpigmentation 
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 HP:0007440 Generalized hyperpigmentation 
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 HP:0007552 Abnormal subcutaneous fat tissue distribution 
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 HP:0007565 Multiple cafe-au-lait spots 
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 HP:0007703 Abnormal retinal pigmentation 
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 HP:0007716 Malignant intraocular melanoma "A malignant melanoma originating within the eye. The tumor originates from the melanocytes in the uvea (which comprises the iris, ciliary body, and choroid)." [HPO:curators]
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 HP:0007818 Ring iris heterochromia 
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 HP:0007873 Abnormally prominent line of Schwalbe 
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 HP:0007899 Retinal nonattachment 
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 HP:0008675 Enlarged polycystic ovaries 
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 HP:0008897 Growth retardation, progressive 
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 HP:0009023 Abdominal wall muscle weakness 
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 HP:0009594 Retinal hamartoma "A hamartoma (a benign, focal malformation consisting of a disorganized mixture of cells and tissues) of the retina." [HPO:curators]
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 HP:0009720 Adenoma sebaceum "Facial angiofibromas, also known as adenoma sebaceum, are reddish papillary lesions (fibrous skin tumors) that are found around the nose, cheeks, and chin and considered to be characteristic of tuberous sclerosis." [HPO:curators]
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 HP:0009721 Shagreen patch "A plaque representing a connective-tissue nevus. Connective tissue naevi are uncommon skin lesions that occur when the deeper layers of the skin do not develop correctly or the components of these layers occur in the wrong proportion. Shagreen patches are oval-shaped and nevoid, skin-coloured or occasionally pigmented, smooth or crinkled, The word shagreen refers to a type of roughened untanned leather." [HPO:curators]
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 HP:0009777 Aplasia of the thumb "Absent thumb." [HPO:curators]
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 HP:0009804 Reduced number of teeth 
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 HP:0009928 Ala nasi, thick "Increase in bulk of the ala nasi." [pmid:19152422]
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 HP:0010497 Sirenomelia "A developmental defect in which the legs are fused together." [HPO:curators]
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 HP:0010508 Metatarsus valgus "A condition in which the anterior part of the foot rotates outward away from the midline of the body and the heel remains straight." [HPO:curators]
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 HP:0010516 Thymus hyperplasia "Enlargement of the thymus." [HPO:curators]
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 HP:0010609 Skin tags 
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 HP:0010619 Fibroma of the breast "A connective tissue tumor of the breast which is usually benign and painless. Fibromas of the breast are more common in young woman." [HPO:curators]
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 HP:0010784 Uterine neoplasia 
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 HP:0010788 Testicular neoplasia 
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 HP:0010807 Open bite "Visible space between the dental arches in occlusion." [pmid:19125428]
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 HP:0010816 Epidermal nevus "Epidermal naevi are due to an overgrowth of the epidermis and may be present at birth (50%) or develop during childhood." [HPO:probinson]
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 HP:0011027 Abnormality of the fallopian tube "An abnormality of the `fallopian tube` (FMA:18245)." [HPO:probinson]
Show

 HP:0011276 Vascular skin abnormality 
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 HP:0011304 Broad thumb "Increased thumb width without increased dorso-ventral dimension." [pmid:19125433]
Show

 HP:0011386 Narrow internal auditory canal "Reduction in diameter of the internal auditory canal." [DDD:dfitzpatrick]
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 HP:0012032 Lipoma "Benign neoplasia derived from lipoblasts or lipocytes of white or brown fat. May be angiomatous or hibernomatous." [MPATH:417]
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 HP:0012056 Cutaneous melanoma "The presence of a `melanoma` (MPATH:359) of the `skin` (FMA:7163)." [HPO:probinson]
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 HP:0012062 Bone cyst "A fluid filled cavity that develops with a bone." [HPO:probinson]
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 HP:0012081 Enlarged cerebellum "An abnormally increased size of the cerebellum compared to other brain structures." [HPO:probinson]
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 HP:0012114 Endometrial carcinoma "A carcinoma of the endometrium, the mucous lining of the uterus." [HPO:probinson]
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 HP:0012125 Prostate cancer "A cancer of the `prostate` (FMA:9600)." [HPO:probinson]
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 HP:0012733 Macule "A flat, distinct, discolored area of skin less than 1 cm wide that does not involve any change in the thickness or texture of the skin." [HPO:probinson]
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 HP:0012740 Papilloma "A tumor of the skin or mucous membrane with finger-like projections." [HPO:probinson]
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 HP:0012844 Trichilemmoma "A benign tumour originating from the outer root sheath of the hair follicle." [UToronto:htrang]
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 HP:0012871 Varicocele "A varicocele is a widening of the veins along the spermatic cord, leading to enlarged, twisted veins in the scrotum, and manifested clinically by a painless testicle lump, scrotal swelling, or bulge in the scrotum." [HPO:probinson]
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 HP:0025318 Ovarian carcinoma "A malignant neoplasm originating from the surface ovarian epithelium." []
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 HP:0030406 Primary peritoneal carcinoma "A type of cancer that originates in the peritoneam. It is to be distinguished from metastatic cancer of the peritoneum. Peritoneal cancer can occur anywhere in the abdominal space, and affects the surface of organs contained inside the peritoneum." [HPO:probinson]
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 HP:0030680 Abnormality of cardiovascular system morphology "Any structural anomaly of the heart and great vessels." []
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 HP:0040198 Non-medullary thyroid carcinoma 
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 HP:0100013 Neoplasia of the breast 
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 HP:0100026 Arteriovenous malformations 
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 HP:0100031 Neoplasm of the thyroid gland "The presence of a `neoplasm` (MPATH:218) of the `thyroid gland` (FMA:9603)." [HPO:probinson]
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 HP:0100521 Neoplasia of the thymus "Tumorous growth of the `thymus` (FMA:9607)." [HPO:probinson]
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 HP:0100526 Neoplasia of the lungs 
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 HP:0100543 Cognitive impairment "Abnormality in the process of thought including the ability to process information." [HPO:sdoelken]
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 HP:0100559 Lower limb asymmetry 
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 HP:0100560 Upper limb asymmetry 
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 HP:0100579 Mucosal telangiectasiae "`Telangiectasia` (HP:0001009) of the mucosa, the mucous membranes which are involved in absorption and secretion that line cavities that are exposed to the external environment and internal organs." [HPO:sdoelken]
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 HP:0100615 Ovarian neoplasm "The presence of a `neoplasm` (MPATH:218) the `ovary` (FMA:7209)." [HPO:probinson]
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 HP:0100641 Cortical adrenal neoplasia 
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 HP:0100646 Thyroiditis "`Inflammation` (MPATH:212) of the `thyroid gland` (FMA:9603)." [HPO:probinson]
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 HP:0100730 Bronchogenic cyst "A rare congenital cystic lesion of the lungs in the mediastinum." [HPO:sdoelken]
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 HP:0100761 Visceral angiomatosis 
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 HP:0100764 Lymphangioma "Malformation of the lymphatic system." [HPO:sdoelken]
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 HP:0100774 Hyperostosis "Excessive growth or abnormal thickening of bone tissue." [HPO:probinson]
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 HP:0100777 Exostoses 
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 HP:0100780 Conjunctival hamartomas 
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 HP:0200008 Multiple intestinal polyps 
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 HP:0200016 Acrokeratosis "Overgrowth of the skin s horny layer. Normally characterized by nodular configurations of the backs of the toes and fingers." [HPO:skoehler]
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 HP:0200034 skin papules "A circumscribed, solid elevation of skin with no visible fluid, varying in size from a pinhead to less than 10mm in diameter at the widest point." [HPO:SKOEHLER]
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 HP:0200063 Colorectal polyps 
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 HP:0500009 Dysplastic gangliocytoma of the cerebellum "It is a rare, slowly growing tumor of the cerebellum, a gangliocytoma sometimes considered to be a hamartoma, characterized by diffuse hypertrophy of the granular layer of the cerebellum." [PMID:11073535]
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Interacting proteins (from Reactome)
Interactor ID Name Interaction type
 ENSG00000101266 P68400 / CSNK2A1 / casein kinase 2 alpha 1  / reaction
 ENSG00000058056 USP13 / Q92995 / ubiquitin specific peptidase 13  / reaction
 ENSG00000070770 P19784 / CSNK2A2 / casein kinase 2 alpha 2  / reaction
 ENSG00000173273 TNKS / O95271 / tankyrase  / reaction
 ENSG00000187555 USP7 / Q93009 / ubiquitin specific peptidase 7  / reaction
 ENSG00000046889 PREX2 / Q70Z35 / phosphatidylinositol-3,4,5-trisphosphate dependent Rac exchange factor 2  / reaction / complex
 ENSG00000169914 OTUD3 / Q5T2D3 / OTU deubiquitinase 3  / reaction
 ENSG00000107854 TNKS2 / Q9H2K2 / tankyrase 2  / reaction
 ENSG00000204713 P14373 / TRIM27 / tripartite motif containing 27  / reaction / complex
 ENSG00000204435 CSNK2B / P67870 / casein kinase 2 beta  / reaction
 ENSG00000111816 FRK / P42685 / fyn related Src family tyrosine kinase  / complex / reaction






 

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© Olivier Tassy / Olivier Pourquie 2007-2024
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